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basic hearing final exam study questions > Auditory Pathologies > Flashcards

Auditory Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is a conductive hearing loss?

A

A hearing loss in the outer and middle ear; specifically, the conduction of sound to the cochlea

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2
Q

What is a Wernicke’s Aphasia and how does it affect hearing loss?

A

difficulty with speech production but can understand speech.

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3
Q

What is dysplasia vs aplasia?

A

Dysplasia is a developed auricle but is abnormal WHILE aplasia is deformed auricle

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4
Q

What is agenesis vs stenosis?

A

Agenesis is the absence of an auricle

Stenosis is the narrowing of the ear canal

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5
Q

What is a sensorineural hearing loss

A

Loss or damage to the hair cells that causes HL.

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6
Q

Swimmer’s Ear is also known as?

A

Otitis externa

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7
Q

What are some of the middle ear pathologies?

A
  • perforated eardrum
  • otitis media
  • otosclerosis
  • Mastoiditis
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8
Q

What is Meniere’s disease caused by?

A

Meniere’s is caused by excessive buildup of the endolymph fluid

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9
Q

Conductive hearing loss is caused by pathologies to the?

A

Outer and Middle Ear

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10
Q

What is Ossicular Discontinuity and what are some of the complications?

A

when a severe head injury/impact can cause breakdown of ossicular chains, typically between incus and stapes

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11
Q

General Auditory agnosia is what? what are the symptoms?

A

awareness of sounds but not consciously recognized, would be able to identify them but not identify what they are/what produced the sound.
symptom: when a sound is heard, they may turn their head but still say they didn’t hear anything

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12
Q

Hyperacusia is referred to as?

A

the ability to detect sounds at abnormally low intensities.

-sounds may seem unpleasantly loud

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13
Q

Exploding head syndrome is?

A

experiencing large sounds originating from within the head

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14
Q

What is Phonoagnosia? Is it associative or apperceptive?

A
  • Impaired processing of voice; can’t process the voices of people they know; issue in the right hemisphere. they can tell if your male/female, they can read pragmatic cues AKA voice blindness
  • this is an associative agnosia
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15
Q

Differences between a word deafness vs a cortical deafness?

A
  • cortical deafness is related to elevated thresholds, problems with music perception, non-speech sound recognition, and speech sound recognition
  • word deafness is specific to words and not associated with elevated hearing thresholds
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16
Q

T or F? A verbal auditory agnosia and word deafness are the same thing?

A

True

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17
Q

What is Tinnitus? What are some etiologies that come with it?

A

-the perception of sound (ringing/buzzing) in the absence of external stimuli
-etiologies include
Noise exposure
Meniere’s disease
Presbycusis

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18
Q

What are the cortical networks?

A
  • Amygdala
  • Medial Ventral Frontal cortex
  • Nucleus Accumbens
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19
Q

What role does the amygdala play in hearing?

A

Contributes to the emotional response hearing. Ex: in tinnitus or hyperacusia

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20
Q

What is phonophobia?

A

fear of sound, environment sounds

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21
Q

What is misophonia?

A

having a negative attitude towards sounds, related to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

22
Q

Noise induced hearing loss primarily affects what frequencies?

A

Higher Frequencies

23
Q

Bilateral lesion vs Unilateral lesion symptoms?

A

??????

24
Q

What is an apperceptive HL and what are some of them?

A

Apperceptive Agnosia is failure in recognition due to deficits in perceptual processing
- associative agnosia is difficulty identifying objects

25
Q

What is an associative HL and what are some of them?

A
26
Q

What is the Brainstem auditory evoked response?

A
  • a test done to measure the brain wave activity that occurs to certain tones/clicks
  • done on every child born in PA
27
Q

Some Ototoxic drugs are?

A

**ANYTHING w/ MYCIN!! neomycin, kanamycin, streptomycin or large doses of aspirin

28
Q

Ototoxic drugs induce what type of hearing loss?

A

Sensorineural hearing loss

29
Q

Acquired Amusia is?

A

difficulty recognizing music or reproducing these tunes; another form of auditory agnosia. Nonverbal auditory agnosia. Can also be expressed in tone deafness.
No difficulties with understanding speech or environmental sounds. Caused by lesions of the right hemisphere (superior temporal and supramarginal gyri).

30
Q

Environmental sound agnosia is?

A

-rarely occurs in isolation, usually occurs with others. Difficulty recognizing environmental sounds

31
Q

Issues with hearing acuity vs sensitivity?

A

Acuity is being able to distinguish between sounds while Sensitivity affects threshold limits

32
Q

what role does the extralemniscal pathway play in hearing?

A
33
Q

What is the pathway for auditory information? Starting after the basal ganglion..

A
34
Q

What is Wernicke’s Aphasia and how hearing is related?

A
35
Q

What is atresia?

A

Complete closure of the ear canal

- congenital atresia is accompanied by agenesis (absence of the auricle)

36
Q

What is dichotic listening?

A
37
Q

A complication of otitis media is what?

A

mastoiditis

38
Q

What does amplitude modulated mean?

A
39
Q

Chondritis cauliflower ear is what?

A

scratching, lacerating, bacteria or viral infection that causes a deformation of the auricle

40
Q

Heschl’s gyrus plays what role in hearing?

A

This is the primary auditory cortex

41
Q

What is does frequency modulated mean?

A
42
Q

Fibers from neurons in the thalamus comprise a white matter structure called the:

A

Auditory Radiations

43
Q

Which of the following is not a disorder of the auricle:

A

Swimmer’s Ear

44
Q

Failure of the eustachian tube to open up results in:

A

NEGATIVE AIR PRESSURE IN THE MIDDLE EAR, because the infection will consume the air in that space and that will cause negative pressure

45
Q

Otosclerosis most frequently affects the

A

Stapes

46
Q

Symptoms of Meniere’s disease

A

Tinnitus, vertigo, and Sensorineural HL

47
Q

What is the Definition of cortical deafness?

A

POOR HEARING SENSITIVITY AND INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE SOUNDS WITH NO DAMAGE TO THE HEARING APPARATUS

48
Q

Bilateral lesions of auditory cortex in the temporal lobe result in:

A

AN INCREASE IN HEARING THRESHOLD BUT RETENTION OF THE ABILITY TO HEAR SOUNDS

49
Q

Which of the following is not consistent with general auditory agnosia:

A

MODERATELY TO SEVERE ABNORMAL PERIPHERAL HEARING

50
Q

Auditory information must reach what in order to be consciously recognized:

A

Primary Auditory Cortex

51
Q

Long term noise exposure depends on what?

A

Intensity of the noise AND Length of exposure

basic hearing final exam study questions (1 decks)

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