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Audiometric course > Audiometric Testing and program equipment > Flashcards

Audiometric Testing and program equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Equipment for an audiometric test

A
  • audiometer
  • sound attenuating booth
  • sound level meter with the ability to measure in octave bands
  • calibration equipment
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2
Q

Audiometer

A
  • instruments used to measure hearing threshold
  • electro acoustical instruments that provide pure tones at several frequencies and a range odd sound levels
  • 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000 HZ
  • times are transmitted to the subject via the headphones which are calibrated to that specific audiometer and cannot be used with another machine
  • 3 types
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3
Q

Manual audiometer

A
  • tone presentation, frequency, and sound level, and recording of the threshold is done by the technician
  • models are reliable and easy to operate
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4
Q

Manual audiometer advantages

A
  • least expensive
  • technician has control over the tone operations
  • can manually fix if a person has trouble responding to the tone frequencies
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5
Q

Manual audiometer disadvantage

A
  • if the examiner fails to use appropriate standardized technique human error can obscure the results
  • testers can develop a rhythm that is easy to predict
  • testing large number of workers can be tedious
  • distracted humans can easily mess up
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6
Q

Microprocessor audiometers

A
  • most common
  • microchip is programmed for tone presentation, frequency selection, and sound level selection
  • records responses based on hearing thresholds
  • tone is played and worker presses a button
  • if responses are inconsistent the machine will indicate the thresholds that need retesting
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7
Q

Microprocessor audiometer advantages and disadvantages

A
  • can also be operated manually
  • can download audiometric data of workers tests onto computers
  • times are consistent and eliminates technician error
  • prints results
  • expensive
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8
Q

Computer controlled audiometer

A
  • not self contained
  • connected to a computer through a linking device
  • software is loaded onto the computer to do the test
  • the technician should not feel comfortable because the machine does all the work , results aren’t automatically valid
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9
Q

Difficulties testing with audiometer

A
  • patients could have tinnitus and blend into the tones so the technician needs to override the system
  • machine could stop working and technition needs to enter tones manually
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10
Q

Considerations when choosing an audiometer

A
  • interface to a computer
  • manual option
  • storage
  • price range
  • portability
  • printer capability
  • fault cancelation and function checks
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11
Q

Storing and handing audiometer

A
  • stored in a dry cool place at room temp
  • covered and protected from dust
  • earphones stored with cushions facing each other
  • cleaning with soap and water
  • no fluid attend electrical components
  • earphones not picked up by the cord
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12
Q

CSA standards for a fixed facility

A
  • a permanent testing area away from busy hallways and noisy equipment
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13
Q

CSA standards for a mobile facility

A
  • built into self-contained portable facilities that can move to a temporary location
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14
Q

What does a testing area need to include

A
  • a testing area with a chair , earphones, response button, required noise monitoring equipment
  • a control area with an area for an audiometer and technician which includes a chair, desk, mirror , divider in which the person being tested cannot see the technician
  • an advising area to discuss results and post testing procedures
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15
Q

Testing difficulties in the environment

A
  • when there’s lots of people to be tested, each should be isolated by separate testing booths or partitions
  • can be heard in noisy environments because workers can be distracted and have difficulties concentrating
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16
Q

Background noise in testing

A
  • can interfere with testing and cause hearing to appear worse than it is
  • must be measured before you move to a different location and records and calibration must be kept for that location
17
Q

Sound analysis

A
  • is done to ensure acceptable noise levels in certain testing facilities
  • can be measured using an octave band analyzer and a sound level meter
  • a “ regular” sound level meter measures sound in decibels and produces one reading
  • an octave band analyzer can separate the sound into different frequencies and measures the decibels at each frequency
  • also a separate dial for changing the settings for each frequency so that the individual decibels reading can be made for each frequency that contributes to the overall sound
18
Q

Sound attenuating booths

A
  • ensures a quiet testing environment
  • make sure the sound booth is appropriate for the environment
19
Q

Supra-Aural earphones

A
  • have an earphone cushion and headband
  • noise reducing headphones can quiet the area
  • must be calibrated to the audiometer
20
Q

Maintenance and Calibration

A
  • must be calibrated using the CSA standards
  • daily check and laboratory calibration
  • checks help to ensure the validity of testing
21
Q

Functional daily calibration check

A
  • visual check to makes sure wires, plugs, leads, and earphones du not have any damage
  • ensure an dials, buttons, knobs, and lights work
  • connections
    -warm-up the machine and put on earphones
22
Q

Frequency listening check for daily calibration check

A
  • set the audiometer at 60 dB and check tones at all frequencies in both earphones
  • ensure no clicks
  • make sure there is no cross talk
  • make sure signal is not broken
23
Q

Intensity listening check for daily calibration

A
  • set frequency at 4000Hz
  • set audiometer to right ear
  • present tones at each decibel level starting at 60db and ending at 0
  • change to left ear and repeat step 3
  • listen to the volume increases and decreases properly with no signs of noise or hums that could change tone quality
24
Q

Biological check

A
  • can be completed using a device caked an bioacoustics simulator or with an individual with good stable hearing
25
Q

Bioacoustic simulator

A
  • an electronic instrument that responds with either an electrical signal or an illuminated light when the audiometer signal output reaches the simulators threshold for each frequency
  • earphones are placed on the instrument and technician completes the test
26
Q

Using an individual to do a biological check

A
  • Compare current hearing threshold levels of one individual with normal/stable hearing with their previous baseline
  • if it dues not differ by +/- 5 Db at all frequencies, the audiometer good to use
  • if it does differ, the person with normal rearing should be compared to their previousresults
27
Q

Laboratory or exhaustive calibration

A
  • required a minimum of of once a year or keeping up with manufactures reccomendations
  • usually done by a lab tech
  • certification kept with machine
  • testing should include frequency or test signals, sound pressure levels in acoustic coupler from earphones, attenuate steps, harmonic distortion, unwanted noise, mechanical deficiencies, other
28
Q

Purpose of a biological calibration check

A
  • record biological monitor checks of the calibration of one audiometer
  • are performed every day the audiometer is used and print all information
29
Q

Data needed about the audiometer

A
  • manufacturer
  • model number
  • serial number
  • last electroacoustic calibration date ( year, mouth, and day)
30
Q

Listener instructions to maintain the audiometer

A
  • name needed of the individual being tested
  • location of test
  • facility
31
Q

Dates and data review for a biological calibration check

A
  • date of each check
  • name of examiner
  • calibration check
  • pass = if the check is with +/- of 5 dB in the baseline
  • fail = if the check is greater than +/- 5 dB in the baseline
32
Q

Hearing threshold levels of test frequencies in a biological test

A
  • baseline: after listener has demonstrated test-retest reliabilities, enter hearing threshold levels of last test results in increments of 5dB
  • periodic biological calibration checks: enter hearing threshold levels in increments of 5 dB
  • enter remarks is anything occurs
33
Q

Audiometric zero

A
  • All audiometers have intensity or tone-volume control that starts at 0 dB
  • does not mean that the tone presented has a sound pressure of zero
  • was established while measuring a number of normal hearing subjects and determining the lowest intensity at which times could be heard
  • values built into the audiometer
  • allows threshold levels to be plotted in a horizontal line rather than a curve
  • different from a sound pressure level of zero
  • can be -5 and -10 on the attenuator dials
  • occupational audiometric testing should start at 0 dB
34
Q

Audiogram

A
  • hearing the softest sounds a wither can hear at each frequency
  • determines a workers hearing threshold much for a number of frequencies
  • graphic and numeric
35
Q

Graphic audiogram record

A
  • pictures of hearing results
  • frequencies are on the horizontal axis and are listed at the top or bottom of the graph
  • intensities are on the vertical axis and are represented by horizontal lines
  • left ear = x in blue
  • right ear = o in red
36
Q

Numeric cumulative records

A
  • compares current to previous results
  • shows cumulative data
  • convenient for storing data

Audiometric course (7 decks)

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