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Audiology > Audiology Midterm > Flashcards

Audiology Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

Retrocochlea

A

Behind or after the cochlea

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1
Q

More of the basilar membrane is stimulated by ______ frequency sounds.

A

Low

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2
Q

Nerve fibers at the ______ end of the cochlea respond to low frequency

A

Apical

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3
Q

Fibers in the _____ end of the cochlea respond to high frequency

A

Basal

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4
Q

All nerve fibers terminate at the _____

A

Cochlear nucleus

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5
Q

_____ is the first level where fibers decussate to the opposite side

A

Superior olivary complex

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6
Q

The ear can be described as a _____, changing one form of energy to another form

A

Transducer

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7
Q

The outer ear is made up of the ____ and ______

A

Pinna and EAM

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8
Q

Two functions of external auditory meatus

A

Protect middle and inner ear and increase the amplitude of high frequency sounds

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9
Q

The ____ and the ____ have natural resonant frequencies

A

Concha and external canal

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10
Q

When frequencies are close to resonant frequencies of the canal what happens?

A

Get a boost of 10-15 dB

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11
Q

The EAM terminates at the

A

Tympanic membrane

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12
Q

Layers of the tympanic membrane are

A

Epithelial layer
Fibrous layer
Membranous layer

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13
Q

Two sections of tympanic membrane

A

Para flaccida and pars tensa

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14
Q

Two processes of the incus are

A

Short crus and long crus

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15
Q

EAM is ____ long in children

A

6mm

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16
Q

EAM is _____ long in adults

A

23-29 mm

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17
Q

Two functions of the pinna

A

Collect and send sound waves through the ear canal

Assist in sound localization

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18
Q

Pinna lined with ____ and _____

A

Epithelium and cilia

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19
Q

Glands for cerumen contained in _____ part of the EAM

A

Cartilaginous

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20
Q

Resonant frequency is

A

Frequency in which something responds or vibrates best to

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21
Q

Three parts of the stapes

A

Two crura and a footplate

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22
Q

Malleus is embedded into the tympanic membrane on its _____

A

Manubrium

23
Q

Ossicles are suspended by ____ which allow them to move

A

Ligaments

24
Q

Two functions of the Eustachian tube

A

Equalize air pressure between the middle ear and pharynx

Help drain fluids that might accumulate in the middle ear

25
Q

What are you experiencing when you pop your ears?

A

Eustachian tube is equalizing pressure

26
Q

Pressure measurement on tymp measures

A

Pressure in atmosphere vs behind the ear canal

27
Q

Tymps measure

A

Pressure, compliance (how much membrane moves), and volume

28
Q

Pressure values in tymps are indicative of….

A

Amount of pressure in the middle ear cavity

29
Q

Compliance values are indicative of

A

Amount of mobility - measured in cm or mm

30
Q

ECV is important with type ____ tymps otherwise not clinically significant

A

B

31
Q

If a person has tubes, a large ECV may be suggestive of an _____ tube

A

Open

32
Q

Pressure less than -150 indicative of a type ____ tymp

A

C

33
Q

Type As tymps are characterized by…

A 
Shallow compliance (below .25 for a child and below .3 for an adult)
Normal pressure
34
Q

Conditions that might lead to an As tympanogram are

A

Otosclerosis
Fluid
Severely scarred eardrum

35
Q

Ad tympanograms characterized by

A

Really high compliance

Normal pressure

36
Q

Condition that Mayr lead to Ad tymps

A

Disarticulation of the ossicular chain

37
Q

Type B tymp characterized by

A

Flat pattern

No peak

38
Q

Characteristic of type C tymp

A

Pattern similar to type A

Compliance WNL but abnormal pressure (below -150 daPa)

39
Q

Acoustic reflex involves involuntary contractions of the ____ muscles

A

Middle ear

40
Q

More of the basilar membrane is stimulated by ____ frequency sounds

A

Low

41
Q

Retrocochlea refers to…

A

Behind or after the cochlea

42
Q

Auditory nerve fibers are arranged in a ______ fashion

A

Tonotopic

43
Q

Name the parts of central auditory pathway in order

A

Cochlea, cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, auditory cortex

44
Q

Sounds greater than ____ dB can cause hearing loss over time

A

85

45
Q

Air conduction testing helps you determine the ____ of hearing loss

A

Degree (not type)

46
Q

When getting thresholds, it’s good to start around _____dB then go up or down from there

A

50

47
Q

Usually during a screening, patient passes if they hear the tone at ___dB

A

25

48
Q

What is behavioral audiometry?

A

Getting some sort of consistent response (eyebrow raise, change in sucking pattern)

49
Q

What is VRA?

A

Visual reinforcement audiometry. Condition patient to associate a sound with an appealing visual, then present the sound without visual and see if patient looks. Good for kids and developmentally disabled ppl

50
Q

List the degrees of hearing loss

A 
-10 to 15: normal (prof uses 20) 
16 (20) to 25: slight 
26 to 40: mild
41 to 55: moderate 
56 to 70: moderately severe 
71 to 90: severe 
91 and above: profound
51
Q

Effects of mild loss on a child and adults

A

Delays in development
Seem to be daydreaming
Adults may be depressed and socially isolated

52
Q

Person with a moderate hearing loss may miss out on ___ to ___% of speech

A

50 to 80

53
Q

Social consequences of moderate loss

A

May not enjoy large social events or crowded places

54
Q

Problems for person with moderate/severe loss

A

Miss almost all of a conversation
Children- speech delays /difficulty with all area
Child unable to hear in classroom setting
Adults will be horrible with background noise- need to see speaker’s face
Should use hearing aids full time

55
Q

Effects of a severe to profound loss

A

Miss 100% if speech
Unaware of conversation
No response to loudest environmental sound
Speech may be intelligible once amplified

Audiology (1 decks)

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