Audiology Disorders Flashcards
Microtia
part of the pinna is missing or deformed (outer ear disorder)
Anotia
complete absence of pinna, common in individuals with Down Syndrome (auricle disorder)
Otoplasty/pinnaplastry
procedure done to repair the pinna, just for appearance
Basal Cell carcinoma
most common form of skin cancer, result of too much ultraviolet light from the sun (auricle disorder)
Keloids
can be removed but may grow back, scar tissue development and it swells (auricle disorder)
Tumour
painless, slowly growing solid tumour that distorts the auricle and destroys the normal architecture (auricle disorder)
Cauliflower ear
caused from repeated blows to the ear, fluid and blood fill the space and harden, causing permanent deformity (auricle disorder)
Perichondritis of the auricle
complication of an ear-piercing, looks ready to burst, skin is red and warm
Auricular hematomas
caused by direct trauma to the pinna, torn perichondria vessel bleed between the detached perichondrium and underlying cartilage
Psoirasis of the external ear
itchy, flakey skin inside the ear (auricle disorder)
Bifid earlobe
earlobe is divided into two small sections (auricle disorder)
Supernumerary auricle
it does not affect hearing, just doesn’t look ecstatically
appealing (auricle disorder)
Cerumen
causes a conductive hearing loss, affects localization of sound, loss of approximately 45dB for conductive hearing loss (EAC disorder)
Stenosis
narrowing of the body Canal (EAC disorder)
Atresia
complete blockage of the canal, loss of 60dB of hearing, this is when bone conduction picks up (EAC disorder)
Otomycosis
fungal ear infection (EAC disorder)
Osteomyelitis
infection of bone, the infection reaches the temple bone (thin wall) (EAC disorder)
Otalgia
ear pain (EAC disorder)
Furunculosis
infection of ear hair follicles (EAC disorder)
Perforation from trauma or pressure
rupture of the tympanic membrane, can occur from physical damage to the ear (high impact) or change of pressure (TM disorder)
Myringotomy
opening of the eardrum to drain fluid- surgeons use zigzag cigarette paper to repair the tympanic membrane
Otitis media
occurs in the mucous lining of the middle ear space, Eustachian tube is not functioning properly, fluid builds up and becomes infected (ME disorders)
Facial Palsy
muscles on one side of the face become weak or paralyzed - trauma to 7th cranial nerve (ME disorder)
Barotrauma
caused by an increase in air or water pressure (airplane or sub diving) (ME disorder)
Cholesteatoma
Onion like structure (tumble weed), interferes with the ossicles, must be surgically removed, but can come back (ME disorder)
Otosclerosis
originates in the inner ear, but makes its way to the middle ear. Causes conductive hearing loss, it affects the stapes - spongey like growth, footplate becomes fixated on the oval window, and this limits the vibration transmitted to inner ear (ME disorder)
Tympanoplasty
repair possibles or tympanic membrane, substitute metal or plastic prosthetic for damaged area
Stapedotomies
small, fenestra strapedectomies
Stapedectomoes
removal of the stapes, prosthetics replace it
stapes mobilization
stapes is broke, for off sponginess to stiffen it
Hemotympanum
bleeding in the middle ear from any cause (ME disorder)
Tympanosclerosis
calcium deposits sometimes form on the tympanic membrane, results in this condition (ME disorder)
Vertigo
results from damage to the vestibular system, it is a sensation of true “tuning”, crystals rub hair cells the wrong way
SNHL (Sensory Neural Hearing Loss)
damage to 8th CH, typically affect high frequencies - hard to discriminate /f/, /t/, /k/
Dusplacusis bonmules
interpret the sound different (double hearing) - right ear hears one thing, left ear hears another
Bilarlus monoralis
one ear is hearing some thing different
Sudden Idiopathic Sensory/ Neural Hearing Loss
hearing loss- usually unilaterally, may develop over a couple days or even overnight
Meniere’s Disease
another cause of unilateral hearing loss
Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
symptoms : dizziness, vertigo, disequilibrium - often misdiagnosed
Autoimmune Inner-Ear disease
specifically attacks its own tissues because it fails to distinguish them from bacteria, viruses, etc.
Noise Induced Hearing Loss
- temporary threshold shift
- permanent threshold shift
Presbycusis
advancing age results in hearing loss
