AUBF PT2

Question 1

Functional unit of the urinary system

Answer 1

Nephron

Question 2

Average nephrons per kidneys

Answer 2

1-1.5 million

Question 3

Structures are localized in the cortex of the kidney

Answer 3

Cortical

Question 3

Nephrons are within the long Henle’s Loops to the medullary region

Answer 3

Juxtamedullary

Question 4

Immediate reabsorption of essential
substances

Answer 4

Cortical / PCT

Question 5

Maintenance of the osmotic gradient of
the medulla

Answer 5

Juxtamedullary

Question 5

Made of specialized capillaries

Answer 5

Glomerulus

Question 6

Receives the filtrate (GFR)

Answer 6

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 7

Cap-like structure

Answer 7

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 8

Parts of Loop of Henle

Answer 8

○ Descending Loop of Henle (DLH)
○ Ascending Loop of Henle (ALH)
○ Thick Ascending Loop (TAL)
○ Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
○ Collecting Duct (CD)

Question 9

Consists of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

Answer 9

Renal Corpuscle

Question 10

Selective reabsorption in the Loop of Henle

Answer 10

DLH and ALH

Question 11

Final adjustments in the
glomerular filtrate composition thus final reabsoprtion happens

Answer 11

DCT and CD

Question 12

Formed by the Juxtaglomerular cells (in ALH)
and Macula Densa cells (in DCT)

Answer 12

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Question 13

Responsible for the secretion of renin (RAAS)

Answer 13

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Question 14

Juxtaglomerular cells

Answer 14

ALH

Question 15

Macula Densa cells

Answer 15

DCT

Question 16

supplies oxygenated blood to each
nephron (supplies Glomerulus)

Answer 16

Afferent Arteriole

Question 17

from afferent arteriole exits to the

Answer 17

Efferent Arteriole

Question 18

carries blood from the glomerulus to the
peritubular capillaries.

Answer 18

Efferent Arteriole

Question 19

surround the PCT and DCT,
facilitating reabsorptive and secretory processes

Answer 19

Peritubular Capillaries

Question 20

network of blood vessels adjacent to the Loop of
Henle

Answer 20

Vasa Recta

Question 21

_______ is dependent on RBF

Answer 21

Filtration

Question 22

Amount of blood supplied to the kidneys every minute

Answer 22

Renal Blood Flow Rate

Question 23

RBF Rate is

Answer 23

1200mL/min

Question 24

___% of blood supply is filtered

Answer 24

10%

Question 25

amount of blood filtered per minute

Answer 25

GFR

Question 26

GFR is ____ per min

Answer 26

120mL/min

Question 27

This receives the GFR

Answer 27

Bowman's capsule > Renal Tubules

Question 28

Bowman's Capsule's Filtrate

Answer 28

GFR

Question 29

SG of glomerular filtrate

Answer 29

1.010

Question 30

Net filtration pressure

Answer 30

10 mmHg

Question 31

Consists of fenestrated endothelium, basement membrane, and podocyte layer

Answer 31

Glomerular filtration barrier

Question 32

GF Barrier restricts the passage pf substances with MW of

Answer 32

70,000 Da or 70k Da

Question 33

repulsion of most plasma proteins by the basement membrane

Answer 33

Shield of negativity

Question 34

Isosmotic with Plasma

Answer 34

When GF is at the level of Bowman's Capsule

Question 35

As water is reabsorbed, we expect the SG to

Answer 35

Increase

Question 36

If the fluid is still along the length of the renal tubule, what is it called?

Answer 36

Glomerular Filtrate

Question 37

It is only called urine once it is out of the

Answer 37

Collecting Duct

Question 38

Process where water is forced and low molecular weight substances are contained into the Bowman's Capsule

Answer 38

Net Filtration Pressure

Question 39

This occurs for filtration to take place

Answer 39

Net Filtration Pressure

Question 40

Net Filtration Pressure

Answer 40

water is forced and low molecular weight substances are contained into the Bowman's Capsule

Question 41

NFP: __ mmHg

Answer 41

10 mmHg