Aubf lec Flashcards
Each kidney contains approximately 1-1.5 million funtional units called?
Nephrons
What type of nephrons which made up approximately 85% of nephrons, are situated primarily in the cortex of the kidney
Cortical nephrons
What type of nephrons have longer loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla of the kidney
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Human kidney receive approximately how many blood pumped through the heart at all times
25%
Blood enters the capillaries of the nephron through the
Afferent arteriole
After afferent arteriole where is the blood enters
Glomerulus and efferent arteriole
Before returning to the renal vein, blood from the efferent arteriole enters the
Peritubular capillaries
And the —— flows slowly through the cortex and medulla of the kidney close to the tubules
Vasa recta
Where is Glomerular filtration located?
Bowmans capsule
RAAS MEANS?
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
It regulated the of blood to and within the glomerulus
RAAS
An enzyme produced by the juxtaglomerular cellsis secreted and reacts with the blood borne substance antioten
Renin
The substance to be reabsorbed must combine with a carrier protein contained in the membrane of the renal tubular epithelial cells
Active transport
Is the movement of molecules across a membrane as a result of differences in their concentration or electrical potential on opposite sides of the membrane
Passive transport
Serves to maintain osmotic gradient of the medulla
Countercurrent mechanism
Glomerulus contains app 8 capillary lobes with walls referred to as the?
Glomerular filtration barrier
Non selective filter of plasma substance with molecular weight less than
70,000
2 major function of tubular secretion
Eliminate waste products not filtered by the glomerulus
Regulate the acid base balance i the body through the secretion of hydrogen ions
Inability to produce an acid urine
Hydrogen ions arw nit excreted in the urine
Renal tubular acidosis
Factors to consider in selecting clearance test substance
Plasma level consistency
Substance availability to the body
3 glomerular filtration barrier cellular layers
Capillary wall membrane (+) fenestrated endothelial cells
Basement membrane(basal lamina)
Visceral epithelium of Bowman’s capsule
Repels molecules with a positive charge even though they are small enough to pass through the three layers of the barrier
Shield of negativity
Substance A
Filtration only
Excretion= Filtration
Ex. Creatinine
Substance B
Filtration partial reabsorption
Excretion= Filtration - Secretion
