AUBF EE Flashcards
Why is the first-voided morning urine
specimen the most desirable specimen for
routine urinalysis?
D. Most concentrated specimen of the
day and therefore it is more likely that
abnormalities will be detected
The physical characteristic of color
is assessed when a routine urinalysis
is performed. What substance is
normally found in urine that is principally
responsible for its yellow coloration?
D. Urochrome
In certain malignant disorders, what
substance is found in the urine that turns
the urine dark brown or black on exposure
of the urine to air?
C. Melanin
What is the expected pH range of a freshly
voided urine specimen?
D. 4.5-8.0
Urine specimens should be analyzed as
soon as possible after collection. If urine
specimens are allowed to stand at room
temperature for an excessive amount of
time, the urine pH will become alkaline
because of bacterial decomposition of
B. Urea
Which term is defined as a urine volume
in excess of 2000 mL excreted over a
24-hour period?
C. Polyuria
The reagent test strips used for the
detection of protein in urine are most
reactive to
A. Albumin
A urine specimen that exhibits yellow
foam on being shaken should be suspected
of having an increased concentration of
C. Bilirubin
How should controls be run to ensure the
precision and accuracy of the reagent test
strips used for the chemical analysis of
urine?
C. Positive and negative controls should
be run on a daily basis.
The colorimetric reagent strip test for
protein is able to detect as little as 5-20 nig
of protein per deciliter. What may cause a
false-positive urine protein reading?
D. pH is greater than 8.0.
“Isosthenuria” is a term applied to a series
of urine specimens from the same patient
that exhibit a
D. Fixed specific gravity of approximately 1.010
A urine specimen is tested by a reagent
strip test and the sulfosalicylic acid test to
determine whether protein is present. The
former yields a negative protein, whereas
the latter results in a reading of 2+
protein. Which of the following statements
best explains this difference?
C. A protein other than albumin must be
present in the urine.
Which of the following is the major
organic substance found in urine?
D. Urea
Each of the following is included in the
quality assurance program for a urinalysis
laboratory. Which one represents a
preanalytical component of testing?
A. Setting collection guidelines for
24-hour urines
The presence of ketone bodies in urine
specimens may be detected by use of a
reagent strip impregnated with sodium
nitroprusside. This strip test is sensitive
to the presence of
B. Acetoacetic acid and acetone
A routine urinalysis is performed on a
young child suffering from diarrhea. The
reagent test strip is negative for glucose
but positive for ketones. These results may
be explained by which of the following
statements?
C. The child is suffering from increased
catabolism of fat because of decreased
intestinal absorption.
The principle of the colorimetric reagent
strip test for hemoglobin is based on the
peroxidase activity of hemoglobin in
catalyzing the oxidation of a dye with
peroxide to form a colored compound.
This method may yield false-positive
results for the presence of hemoglobin
when the urine specimen contains
C. Myoglobin
A reagent test strip impregnated with
a diazonium salt such as diazotized
2,4-dichloroaniline may be used to
determine which analyte?
D. Bilirubin
Which of the following will contribute to a
specimen’s specific gravity if it is present
in a person’s urine?
B. 85 mg/dL glucose
With infections of the urinary system,
white blood cells are frequently seen in
the urine sediment. What type of white
blood cell is seen the most frequently in
urine sediment?
D. Neutrophil
A random urine is collected from a patient
and the results obtained are as follows:
urine albumin =16 mg/dL and urine
creatinine = 140 mg/dL. These findings
are consistent with
A. Microalbuminuria
To detect more easily the presence of casts
in urine sediments, which microscopic
method can be used?
B. Phase-contrast microscopy
Which substance found in urinary
sediment is more easily distinguished
by use of polarized microscopy?
A. Lipids
“Glitter cell” is a term used to describe
a specific type of
D. Neutrophil
The final phase of degeneration that
granular casts undergo is represented
by which of the following casts?
D. Waxy
A 40-year-old female patient with a history
of kidney infection is seen by her physician
because she has felt lethargic for a few
weeks. She has decreased frequency of
urination and a bloated feeling. Physical
examination shows periorbital swelling
and general edema, including a swollen
abdomen. Significant urinalysis results
show the following: color = yellow;
appearance = cloudy/frothy; specific
gravity = 1.022;pH = 7.0; protein =
4+; 0-3 WBC/hpf; 0-1 RBC/hpf; 0-2
renal epithelial cells/hpf; 10-20 hyaline
casts/lpf; 0-1 granular casts/lpf; 0-1 fatty
casts/lpf; occasional oval fat bodies. Her
serum chemistries show significantly
decreased albumin, increased urea
nitrogen, and increased creatinine. These
findings suggest which condition?
C. Nephrotic syndrome
