Atypical sex chromosomes

Question 1

Define atypical sex chromosome patterns

Answer 1

sex chromosome pattern, deviates from XX/ XY, associated with physical/ psychological symptoms.

Question 2

Define Klinefelter’s syndrome.

Answer 2

affects males.
Individual genotype extra X chromosome, characterised by tall thin physique, small infertile testes.
1/600 males

Question 3

What are the physical characteristics of Klinefelter’s syndrome?

Answer 3

Breast development, underdeveloped genitals.

Question 4

What are the psychological characteristics of Klinefelter’s syndrome?

Answer 4

Poor language/ reading.

Lack sexual interest.

Question 5

Define Turner’s syndrome.

Answer 5

chromosomal disorder, affects women. 1 X chromosome less= development abnormalities/ infertility.
1/5000 females

Question 6

Physical characteristics of Turner’s syndrome.

Answer 6

no menstrual cycle due to underdeveloped ovaries. No breasts.

Question 7

Psychological charcteristics of Turner’s syndrome.

Answer 7

high reading ability, low memory ability, socially immature.

Question 8

Strength of atypical sex chromosomes research, in terms of it contributing to the nature-nurture debate.

Answer 8

Comparing chromosome-typical individuals to those with syndrome, see psychological/ behavioural differences.

Differences bio basis due to abnormal chromosome structure.

Support innate ‘nature’ influences having effect on psych and behvaiour.

Question 9

Counterpoint to atypical sex chromosomes research contributing to nature- nurture debate.

Answer 9

Relationship between atypical chromosome patterns associated with syndrome’s and differences in behvaiour, no causal.

Environmental/ social influences responsible for behavioural differences observed (female immaturity in Turner’s syndrome due to treated immaturely).

Wrong assume psychological/ behavioural differences pp with atypical sex chromosome patterns due to nature.

Question 10

Strength of atypical sex chromosomes research, in terms of application to managing syndromes.

Answer 10

87 pp with Klinefelter’s showed treated young experienced benefits in managing syndrome, compared to diagnosed adulthood- Herlihy.

Awareness useful real-world application.

Question 11

Limitation of atypical sex chromosome pattern, in terms of sampling issues.

Answer 11

Pp with severe symptoms of these syndromes identified= distorted image.

Boada et al- studies produced accurate image of characteristics, many with Klinefelter’s don’t experience psych problems and successful academically.

Suggests Klinefelter’s syndrome exaggerated.