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OPT 533 > Atypical Lid Bumps > Flashcards

Atypical Lid Bumps Flashcards

1
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a purpura?

A

Circumscribed deposit of blood or blood products greater than 1cm

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2
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a papule?

A

Circumscribed, elevated discoloration less than 1cm

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3
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, describe “ulcer”

A

Irregularly sized and shaped excavations extending into the dermis

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4
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a macule?

A

Circumscribed, flat discoloration less than 1cm

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5
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, what does papillomatous mean?

A

Lesion exhibiting a surface resembling a cauliflower or artichoke

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6
Q

Name the type of lesion: Lesion on a stalk

A

Pedunculated

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7
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed, elevated discoloration less than 1cm

A

Papule

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8
Q

Name the type of lesion: Shedding, dead epidermal cells, dry or greasy

A

Scales

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9
Q

Describe the lesion: Solid lesion with depth above, level, or below surface less than 1cm

A

Nodule

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10
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, describe “scales”

A

Shedding, dead epidermal cells, dry or greasy

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11
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a petechia?

A

Circumscribed deposit of blood or blood products less than 1cm

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12
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a vesicle?

A

Circumscribed elevation containing serous fluid less than 1cm

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13
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed, elevated discoloration greater than 1cm

A

Plaque

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14
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed, flat discoloration less than 1cm

A

Macule

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15
Q

Name the type of lesion: Lesion exhibits a central crater like an umbilicus or belly button

A

Umbilicated

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16
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed elevation containing serous fluid greater than 1cm

A

Bulla

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17
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed, flat discoloration greater than 1cm

A

Patch

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18
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed deposit of blood or blood products greater than 1cm

A

Purpura

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19
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a tumor?

A

Solid lesion with depth above, level, or below surface greater than 1cm

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20
Q

Name the type of lesion: Dried masses of skin exudates

A

Crusts

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21
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is plaque?

A

Circumscribed, elevated discoloration greater than 1cm

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22
Q

Name the type of lesion: Irregularly sized and shaped excavations extending into the dermis

A

Ulcer

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23
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a nodule?

A

Solid lesion with depth above, level, or below surface less than 1cm

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24
Q

Name the type of lesion: Lesion exhibiting a surface resembling a cauliflower or artichoke

A

Papillomatous

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25
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, describe “crusts”

A

Dried masses of skin exudates

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26
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a bulla?

A

Circumscribed elevation containing serous fluid greater than 1cm

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27
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, what does umbilicated mean?

A

Lesion exhibits a central crater like an umbilicus or belly button

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28
Q

In terms of primary dermatological descriptors, what is a patch?

A

Circumscribed, flat discoloration greater than 1cm

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29
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, what does sessile mean?

A

Lesion fixed to the skin on a broad base

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30
Q

Name the type of lesion: Lesion fixed to the skin on a broad base

A

Sessile

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31
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed deposit of blood or blood products less than 1cm

A

Petechia

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32
Q

Describe the lesion: Circumscribed elevation containing serous fluid less than 1cm

A

Vesicle

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33
Q

In terms of secondary dermatological descriptors, what does pedunculated mean?

A

Lesion on a stalk

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34
Q

Describe the lesion: Solid lesion with depth above, level, or below surface greater than 1cm

A

Tumor

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35
Q

What is a mass of new cells which proliferate without control and serve no useful purpose?

A

Neoplasia

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36
Q

What is a growth which loses resemblance to cell of origin?

A

Anaplasia (tumor, cancer)

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37
Q

What is it called when there is a change in type of adults cells which is abnormal for that tissue?

A

Metaplasia

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38
Q

Define: anaplasia

A

Growth which loses resemblance to cell of origin (also known as a tumor, or cancer)

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39
Q

Define: neoplasia

A

Mass of new cells which proliferate without control and serve no useful purpose

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40
Q

Define: hyperplasia

A

Increase in the number of cells

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41
Q

Define: dysplasia

A

Alteration in size, shape, organization of adult cells

42
Q

What is an increase in the number of cells called?

A

Hyperplasia

43
Q

What is it called when there is an alteration in size, shape, organization of adult cells?

A

Dysplasia

44
Q

Define: metaplasia

A

Change in type of adults cells which is abnormal for that tissue

45
Q

What is a tumor of normally present tissue called?

A

Hamartoma

46
Q

What is a tumor of blood vessels/vasculature called?

A

Hemangioma

47
Q

What is a tumor of CT that develops into cartilage/bone, fat, muscle called?

A

Sarcoma

48
Q

What is a tumor derived from embryonic cells called?

A

Blastoma

49
Q

What is a tumor of epithelial tissue called?

A

Carcinoma

50
Q

Define: hamartoma

A

Tumor of normally present tissue

51
Q

Define: carcinoma

A

Tumor of epithelial tissue

52
Q

Define: sarcoma

A

Tumor of CT that develops into cartilage/bone, fat, muscle

53
Q

Define: hemangioma

A

Tumor of blood vessels/vasculature

54
Q

Define: blastoma

A

Tumor derived from embryonic cells

55
Q

What is a tumor of lymph tissue called?

A

Lymphoma

56
Q

Define: melanoma

A

Tumor of pigmented cells

57
Q

What is a tumor of pigmented cells called?

A

Melanoma

58
Q

Define: lymphoma

A

Tumor of lymph tissue

59
Q

What is an ephilis?

A

A freckle

60
Q

True or false: if a person has ephilis, they have more melanocytes than normal.

A

False; there are the same number of melanocytes but they are bigger.

61
Q

What sort of inheritance pattern is observed with ephilis?

A

Autosomal dominant

62
Q

What is another name for a solar lentigine?

A

Liver spot

63
Q

True or false: solar lentigines persist in the absence of sunlight

A

True.

64
Q

What age group has a higher incidence of solar lentigines?

A

Middle to older age

65
Q

Which type of nevus is most common and may be raised or flat? Where is it located?

A

Dermal; located in dermus

66
Q

Which type of nevus is superficial, usually flat, and can convert to melanoma? Where is it located?

A

Junctional; dermoepidermal junction

67
Q

True or false: a nevus is always pigmented

A

False; they can be amelanotic

68
Q

Do malignant melanomas make up a large part of primary skin cancers?

A

No, only about 3%, but they make up the majority of skin cancer related deaths at 79%

69
Q

There are two types of malignant melanoma: superficial spreading melanoma and nodular melanoma. Which grows faster? Which metastasizes earlier?

A

Superficial grows faster; nodular metastasizes earlier

70
Q

What are two scales used to measure mortality due to melanoma? Which is more accurate?

A

Clark’s level and Breslow depth; Breslow depth is more accurate

71
Q

What is the most common malignant lid tumor?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

72
Q

What are some factors that may contribute to basal cell carcinoma?

A

UV exposure, old age, fair skin

73
Q

What are the two types of basal cell carcinoma?

A

Sclerosing (scar-like appearance) and noduloulcerative

74
Q

Nodularulcerative basal cell carcinoma has what type of appearance?

A

Pearly, rolled borders, ulceration

75
Q

True or false: metastasis of basal cell carcinoma is very common

A

False; it is uncommon

76
Q

A basal cell carcinoma located at which side of the lid requires more rapid attention?

A

Inner canthus

77
Q

What are some treatment options for basal cell carcinoma?

A

Excision, radiation, cryotherapy, curettage, electrodessication, imiquimod cream, 5-FU, PDT

78
Q

Which type of tumor is the 3rd most common, ocular-wise?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

79
Q

True or false: squamous cell carcinoma is the 2nd most common skin cancer

A

True.

80
Q

How might a patient describe a lesion that turns out to be a squamous cell carcinoma? How might you describe it?

A

Patient: scab won’t heal; You: reddish, raised scaly plaque

81
Q

What are some treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Excision, radiation, PDT

82
Q

What type of carcinoma may be mistaken for a recurrent meibomian gland chalazion?

A

Meibomian gland carcinoma (surprise!)

83
Q

What are some treatment options for meibomian gland carcinoma?

A

Excision, radiation

84
Q

What is actinic keratosis?

A

Also called sun spots, it is a dysplasia of squamous cells

85
Q

What is keratoacanthoma?

A

Papular lesion originating from sebaceous cells; benign but grows fast

86
Q

What would you need to rule out in the case of keratoacanthoma?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

87
Q

Lentigo maligna is a subtype of melanoma in situ. What is it also known as?

A

Hutchinson’s freckle

88
Q

In what age range does lentigo maligna usually develop?

A

Above age 40

89
Q

True or false: lentigo maligna is generally found on the head and neck, and generally in fair-skinned people

A

True.

90
Q

What are the chances that lentigo maligna might turn malignant?

A

15%

91
Q

True or false: lentigo maligna is generally regularly colored and has regular margins

A

False; both pigmentation and margins are usually irregular

92
Q

What is an acrochordon?

A

A skin tag; due to paucity of elastic tissue

93
Q

True or false: papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor

A

True.

94
Q

Are papilloma vascular or avascular? Are they flat or raised?

A

Avascular; they can be flattened (sessile) or elongated (pedunculated)

95
Q

What benign skin lesion is sometimes referred to as “barnacles of old age”? What type of tissue does it involve?

A

Seborrheic keratosis; basal cell

96
Q

What would seborrheic keratosis look like?

A

Flat or slightly elevated, 1-6 mm round, waxy, greasy, or scaly

97
Q

Which skin condition involves itching and flat topped violaceous papules? What other area of the body does it commonlny affect? What are some management options?

A

Lichen planus; commonly affects buccal mucosa; manage with steroids, vitamin A, and retinoids

98
Q

What are verrucae?

A

Viral warts caused by HPV

99
Q

Which skin condition resembles basal cell carcinoma due to its umbilicated nodule with central core, elevated, round, pearly appearance?

A

Molluscum contagiosum

100
Q

Follicles in the cojunctiva are indivative of what skin condition?

A

Moluscum contagiosum

OPT 533 (4 decks)

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