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Spinal (mine) Exam 2 > Atypical Cervical Vertebrae: C2/Axis/Epistropheus > Flashcards

Atypical Cervical Vertebrae: C2/Axis/Epistropheus Flashcards

1
Q

What names are given to C2?

A

Axis or epistropheus

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2
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2?

A

5

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3
Q

What joint surfaces are present on the odontiod process of C2?

A

Facet for fovea dentis, groove for transverse atlantal ligament, attachment sites for the alar ligaments, attachment site for the apical-dental ligament

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4
Q

What is the name given to the dens when the facet for the fovea dentis lies above the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior?

A

Lordotic dens

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5
Q

What is the name given to the odiotoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior?

A

Kyphotic dens

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6
Q

How many joints are formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?

A

5

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7
Q

What joint classifications are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar), and cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

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8
Q

How many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C2?

A

10

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9
Q

What attaches to the lamina of C2?

A

Obliquus capitis inferior muscle, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavuum

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10
Q

What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2?

A

backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

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11
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2?

A

forward, lateral, and down (FoLD)

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12
Q

What muscle attaches to the articular processes of C2?

A

Longissimus cervicis

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13
Q

What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2?

A

Males: 57mm; Females: 50mm

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14
Q

What muscles attach to the transverse process at C2?

A

Levator scapulae, middle scalene, splenius cervicis, longissimus cervicis and intertransversarii

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15
Q

What is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process in humans?

A

bifid

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16
Q

What is the location for palpation of the spinous process of C2?

A

In the midline, about two inches below the EOP

17
Q

What muscles attach to the spinous process of C2?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior, spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis, rotators, and interspinous muscles

18
Q

What ligaments attach to the spinous process of C2?

A

ligamentum nuchae, interspinous ligaments

Spinal (mine) Exam 2 (9 decks)

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