Attention & Memory Flashcards
Autobiographical memory
Remembering information and events from your own life
Automatic processing
Processes that are fast, reliable, and insensitive to increased cognitive demands
Binding deficit
A deficit in combining different parts of complex events into a cohesive understanding
Cognitive reserve
brain’s ability to improvise and find alternate ways of getting a job done
Divided attention
The ability to pay attention and successfully perform more than one task at a time
Effortful processing
Cognitive processing that requires all of the available attentional capacity when processing information
Encoding
The process of getting information into the memory system
Episodic memory
The general class of memory having to do with the conscious recollection of information from a specific event or point in time
Explicit memory
The conscious and intentional recollection of information
External aids
Memory aids that rely on environmental resources
False memory
When one remembers items or events that did not occur
Flashbulb memory
Memories for personally traumatic or unexpected events
Implicit memory
The effortless and unconscious recollection of information
Information-processing model
The study of how people take in stimuli from their environment and transform them into memories; the approach is based on a computer metaphor
Internal aids
Memory aids that rely on mental processes
Long-term memory
The aspects of memory involved in remembering rather extensive amounts of information over relatively long periods of time
Memory monitoring
The awareness of what we are doing in memory right now
Memory self-efficacy
The belief in one’s ability to perform a specific memory task
Metamemory
Memory about how memory works and what one believes to be true about it
Processing resources
The amount of attention one has to apply to a particular situation
Prospective memory
Process involving remembering to remember something in the future
Recall
Process of remembering information without the help of hints or cues
Recognition
Process of remembering information by selecting previously learned information from among several items
Rehearsal
Process by which information is held in working memory, either by repeating items over and over or by making meaningful connections between the information in working memory and information
