Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder

Question 1

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity-Disorder Definition:
(1) Marked pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is inconsistent with developmental level and clearly interferes with functioning in at least ____settings (school, home, work).
(2) At least some of the symptoms must be presents before age ____.
(3) Adults must have ____ onset, persistent and current symptoms to be diagnosed.

Answer 1

1) 2
2) 7
3) childhood onset (by age 12)

Question 2

Pathophysiology ADHD:
(1) Several biologic factors have been proposed as contributors (food additives/diet, lead contamination, cigarette/alcohol exposure, low birth weight) as well as psychosocial adversity, but no real consensus on cause of ADHD.
(2) Data strongly supports a neurobiological and genetic basis with ___________ dysfunction as a central finding.

Answer 2

2) catecholaminergic

Question 3

Clinical Findings for what issue?:
(1) Marked inattention, distractibility, organization difficulties, and poor efficiency (academic and occupational failure).
(2) Can also have low frustration tolerance, shifting activities, difficulty organizing, and daydreaming.
(3) Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority will experience full symptoms into mid-adulthood.
(4) More frequent in males.

Answer 3

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity-Disorder

Question 4

Differential Diagnosis ADHD:
1. ___________ Disorder is characterized by pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior
2. ___________ is a more severe, less common disorder of habitual rule breaking defined by pattern of aggression, destruction, lying, stealing, or truancy.
3. These are found to co-occur with ADHD in _____% of cases.
4. Mood Disorders: _____ or _____
5. Cognitive Performance and Learning Disabilities

Answer 4

1. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
2. Conduct disorder
3. 30- 50%
4. Bipolar or Depression

Question 5

_________ are a mainstay of treatment and found to have similar effects when given alone than if psychotherapy was also done.

Answer 5

Medications

Question 6

Treatment ADHD

Answer 6

Stimulants are the most common treatment and include Methylphenidate and Amphetamine.
(a) Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Metadate)
(b) Amphetamines (Adderall, Dexedrine, Vyvanse)