Attachment: The Influence Of The IWM on Childhood And Adult Relationships DP Flashcards
What does a child form of their early attachment relationship with their primary caregiver?
A mental representation (schema)
“The internal working model acts as a model for what relationships are like and future relationships will ______ them”
mirror
What is a child likely to have if they have been raised by a loving primary caregiver who responds to their needs?
A secure attachment
What type of attachment results in a positive internal working model?
Secure
What is a child more likely to have if their first relationship is with a caregiver who is unresponsive to their needs?
An insecure attachment
What type of attachment will result in a negative internal working model?
Insecure
Who provides an infant with a mental representation of relationships?
Their primary caregiver
What type of caregiver must you have to provide you with a positive IWM?
Responsive
What type of caregiver will cause you to develop a negative IWM?
Unresponsive
If a child feels secure, what type of IWM do they have?
Positive
If a child feels unworthy, what type of IWM do they have?
Negative
A negative IWM means a child feels ….
Unworthy
If a child has positive relationships in the future, this is the result of what type of IWM?
Positive
What type of future relationships will a positive IWM result in?
Positive and successful
A student has written this in their exam;
“Lorenz supports Bowlby’s theory of an internal working model”
Correct or incorrect?
Incorrect
What did Hazen and Shaver find which supports the internal working model?
Those with positive relationships early in life have positive romantic relationships later in life
Does Hazen and Shavers research support or contradict the IWM?
Support
Which research supports the IWM?
Hazen and Shaver
Why may Hazen and Shavers research be limited?
Due to social desirability
Why may Hazen and Shavers research suffer from social desirability
As it uses self report methods - a questionnaire (the love quiz)
Who found that those with positive relationships early in life have positive relationships later in life?
Hazen and Shaver
If a child has a secure attachment to their primary caregiver, they are less likely to have better quality relationships with their peers
True or false?
False! - They are more likely to have better quality relationships with their peers
If a child has an insecure attachment to their primary caregiver, they are more likely to have difficulties in making friends
True or false?
True
If a child has a secure attachment to their primary caregiver, their relationships with their peers will be…
Better quality
According to the IWM, why might a child have difficulties in making friends?
Insecure attachment to their primary caregiver
According to Smith et al. (1998), what attachment type of children are most likely to be victims of bullying?
Insecure-avoidant
According to Smith et al. (1998), what attachment type of children are most likely to be the bully?
Insecure-resistant
Who found that early attachment could predict bullying behaviour?
Smith et al (1998)
The IWM influences what three types of relationship?
Childhood (peer), adult romantic, adult with own children
Bailey et al (2007) found that mothers tend to have the same attachment style with their child as they did with their own mother
True or false?
True - attachment tends to be passed on through family generations
What research evidence supports the influence of the IWM on relationships with own children?
Bailey at al (2007)
Harlow’s research supports the influence of early attachment on later relationships
True or false?
True - it shows that having a negative early attachment can lead to negative relationships later with partners and own children
Which animal study shows that having a negative early attachment can lead to negative relationships later with partners and own children?
Harlow
Which animal study shows research support for the influence of early attachments on later relationships?
Harlow - it shows that having a negative early attachment can lead to negative relationships later with partners and own children
The IWM theory states that our behaviour (later relationships) is controlled by early relationships (early attachment) - this means the theory is…
Deterministic
Bowlby believes that IWM are passed on from…
one generation to the next
According to Bowlby, people base their parenting on…
their own experiences of being parented
