Attachment

Question 1

What is interactional syncrony?

Answer 1

When two people interact they tend to mirror what the other is doing in terms of their facial and body movements

Question 2

What is reciprocity?

Answer 2

Responding to the actions of another with a similar action, and it’s not necessarily similar as interactional synchrony

Question 3

What are the fourth stages of attachment and who identified them?

Answer 3

Schaffer,
Stage 1: indiscriminate attachment takes place from birth until two months, reciprocity and interactional synchrony play a part in establishing the infant’s relationships with others
Stage 2: the beginnings of attachment - around the age of four months infant’s become more social, prefer human company and can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people, can be comforted by anyone and do not show anxiety with strangers (stranger anxiety)
Stage 3: discriminate attachment - by seven months old infant’s begin to show a distinctly different sort of protest when one particular person puts them down (separation anxiety). They are said to have formed a specific attachment to one person, their primary attachment caregiver. Schaeffer and Emerson found that primary attachments not always formed with the person who spent most time with the child, and this showed that the quality of the relationship mattered more than the quantity in the formation of attachment
Stage 4: multiple attachments - infants from secondary attachments to their other parent, grandparents, siblings, etc

Question 4

What is the argument for the role of the father?

Answer 4

Schaffer and Emerson found that father’s are less likely to be primary attachment caregiver than mother’s and this might be due to the biological factors