Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Attachment > Flashcards

Attachment Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

reciprocity

A

both infant and mother respond to each other’s signals and each elicits a response from the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

interactional synchrony

A

mother and infant reflect both actions and emotions of the other in a coordinated way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

role of father- grossman

A
  • longitudinal study
  • less important to quality of children’s attachment in teens
  • play related to quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

role of father- field

A
  • primary fathers= primary mothers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

criticism of research into caregiver-infant interaction

A

difficult to be certain of what is taking place, only observing hand movements etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

criticism of research into caregiver-infant interaction

A

observing reciprocity and interactional synchrony doesn’t tell us purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

strength of research into caregiver-infant interaction

A
  • controlled observations
  • covert to baby
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

criticism of research into role of father- reliability

A

some look at fathers as secondary, some as primary attachment figures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

criticism of research into role of father- reliability

A
  • secondary fathers= important
  • some found no father children do not develop differently
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

criticism of research into role of father

A

traditional gender roles, women expected to care and nurture more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

shaffer and emerson- procedure

A
  • 6o babies, Glasgow
  • visited at home every month for first year and at 18 mo
  • mothers asked questions about protest behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

shaffer and emerson- findings

A
  • 25 & 32weeks, 50%= separation anx to mum
  • 40 weeks= 80% had specific att.
  • 30%= multiple atts.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

stage 2: indiscriminate (2-7 months)

A
  • prefer humans to objects
  • recognise familiar adults
  • no separation or stranger anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

stage 3: specific (7mo)

A
  • separation and stranger anx
  • most interactive adult
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

stage 4: multiple (12mo)

A

attachments with other adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

strength of shaffer and emerson’s study- true to life

A
  • in babies home, natural behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

criticism of shaffer and emerson’s study- generalisability

A
  • same city and social class
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

criticism of stages of attachment

A
  • babies too young, poor coordination
  • difficult to make judgements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

criticism of stages of attachment

A

just because baby is distressed when individual leaves doesn’t mean the individual is a ‘true’ attachment figure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

strange situatin

A
  • controlled observation
  • unfamiliar room, left alone, left with stranger, reunion with mother
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

stage 1: asocial stage (first few weeks)

A
  • humans + objects= similar
  • preference to familiar adults
  • happier in presence of humans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

criticism of stages of attachment- generalisability

A
  • most form specific before multiple
  • collectivist cultures believe babies form multiple from outset
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

secure (type b)

A
  • 60-75%
  • moderate proximity seeking
  • moderate exploration/ secure base
  • moderate stranger + separation anx
  • easily comforted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

insecure-avoidant (type a)

A
  • 20-25%
  • low proximity seeking
  • high exploration
  • low stranger + separation anx
  • ignorant at reunion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

insecure-resistant (type c)

A
  • 3%
  • high proximity seeking
  • low exploration
  • high stranger and separation anx
  • distressed at reunion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

strength of strange situation- true to life

A
  • att. type strongly predictive of later development
  • good predictive validity
25
Q

strength of strange situation- reliability

A
  • good inter rater reliability
  • 94% agreement on att. type
26
Q

criticism of strange situation- bias/ generalisability

A
  • culture bound
  • eg. japanese mothers rarely separated from babies
27
Q

criticism of strange situation

A
  • disorganised attachment, type a & c
28
Q

van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg- procedure

A
  • meta analysis
  • 32 studies of ss
  • 2000 infants
    -8 diff countries (usa, uk, netherlands, germant, sweden, israel, china & japan)
29
Q

van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg- findings

A
  • secure: most common across all
  • resistant: least common, 3% uk, 30% israel
  • avoidant: most in germany, least in japan
30
Q

simonella et al- findings

A
  • 50% secure
  • 3% avoidant
31
Q

jin et al- findings

A
  • overall proportions of insecure+ secure similar to most
  • more resistant, only one avoidant
32
Q

strength of cultural variations research- internal validity

A
  • large sample size
  • controls anomalous results
33
Q

criticism of cultural variations- bias

A
  • designed by american
  • imposed etic, applying theory designed for one culture
34
Q

criticism of cultural variations- alternative explanation

A
  • effects of mass media
  • books ‘that advocate similar notions of parenting are disseminated across cultures’
34
Q

criticism of cultural variations reserahc

A
  • comparison between countries not cultures, there are many diff cultures in one country
35
Q

lorenz- procedure

A

half goslings hatched with mum, half in incubator and saw him

36
Q

lorenz- findings

A
  • exp. group followed lorenz, control followed mum
  • no imprinting within first few hours= no att.
37
Q

harlow- procedure

A
  • bare wire mother providing food, cloth mother providing comfort
38
Q

harlow- findings

A
  • rhesus monkeys remainedwith cloth mother
  • contact comfort more important that food
  • critical period= 90 days
39
Q

criticism of lorenz’s research- generalisability

A
  • mammalian att. more complex than bird
40
Q

criticism of lorenz’s research

A
  • chicks who imprinted on yellow gloves tried to mate with them
  • later learnt to mate with chickens
  • permanency of imprinting?
41
Q

strength of harlow- a practical application

A

research helped social work understand risk factors in child neglect and abuse

42
Q

criticism of harlow- ethical issues

A
  • monkeys suffered greatly
43
Q

cc in att

A
  • UCS (food)= UCR (pleasure)
  • NS (mum) + UCS= UCR
    -CS (mum)= CR (pleasure)
44
Q

oc in att- positive reinforcement

A
  • baby cries and is fed, crying is reinforced
45
Q

oc in att- negative reinforcement

A
  • stopping of crying removes unpleasant feeling for caregiver
46
Q

criticism of lt- research evidence

A
  • harlow showed animals form att for contact comfort not food
47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A
51
Q

criticism of lt- research evidence

A
  • shaffer and emerson
  • baby developed primary att to bio mum, even though other people fed them more
52
Q

criticism of lt- oversimplified

A

ignores reciprocity and interactional synchrony

53
Q

criticism of lt- alternative explanation

A

slt= parent modelling att behaviour

54
Q
A
54
Q
A
54
Q
A
54
Q
A
55
Q

criticism of lt- alternative explanation

A

slt= parent modelling att behaviour

55
Q
A
56
Q
A

Psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions