Atropine Flashcards
Which receptor do atropine and scopolamine act on?
Muscarinic receptors, but have very little effect on nicotinic receptors
(1) Atropine is useful as a preop medication, why?
It decreases salivary secretion
(2) Atropine is used to treat for which type ulcer?
It is an anti-spasmodic drug to treat peptic ulcers
(2) Why is atropine used to tread peptic ulcers?
Because it relaxes the smooth muscle of the GI tract and decreases peristalsis
(3) Atropine is used as agent for the heart, for what condition and what does it do?
Increase heart rate when bradycardia is present
Atropine can be an antidote for?
Atropine can be used as an antidote for muscarinic agonist poisoning by an overdose of a cholinesterase inhibitor or a muscarinic drug such as BETHANECHOL (URECHOLINE)
Other than atropine, which drug can also treat peptic ulcer? It can also treat intestinal spasticity.
Propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine)
What are the other effects of Pro-Banthine?
Decreases gastric secretions and GI spasms
Where is atropine absorbed?
It is well absorbed orally and parenterally
Does atropine cross the blood brain barrier?
Yes
Does it cross the placenta?
Yes
Does atropine have a high chance of accumulation?
No, it has a short half-life
Where is it mostly excreted?
Urine
When atropine blocks the vagus stimulation, what occurs? For which heart condition is it used for?
Heart rate increases. Sinus bradycardia
When atropine paralyzes the iris sphincter, what occurs?
Promotes dilation of the pupils
What is the effect of atropine to salivary glands and respiratory tract?
It is used to decrease salivation and respiratory secretions preoperatively
When is the onset of action if given PO?
0.5 to 1 hour
When is the peak if given PO?
1 to 2 hours
How long is the duration if given PO and IM?
4 hours
When is the onset if given IM?
10 to 30 minutes
When is the peak if given IM?
30 minutes
When is the onset if administered intravenously?
Immediate (UK)
When is the peak if administered intravenously?
2 to 4 minutes
What are the side effects?
Dry mouth, nausea, headache, constipation, dry skin, flushing, mydriasis, blurred vision, photophobia (intolerance of bright light), abdominal distension, palpitations, urinary retention, impotence
What are the adverse reactions?
Tachycardia, hypotension or hypertension, paralytic ileus, coma, ventricular fibrillation
Atropine increases the effects of which drugs?
Increase anticholinergic effect with phenothiazines, antihistamines, tricyclic, antidepressants, amantadine, quinidine
Who is it contraindicated for?
Clients who have narrow-angle glaucoma, obstructive GI disorders, BPH, myasthenia gravis, myocardial ischemia, tachycardia, COPD, heart failure, renal or hepatic disorders
