Atropine

Question 1

Which receptor do atropine and scopolamine act on?

Answer 1

Muscarinic receptors, but have very little effect on nicotinic receptors

Question 2

(1) Atropine is useful as a preop medication, why?

Answer 2

It decreases salivary secretion

Question 3

(2) Atropine is used to treat for which type ulcer?

Answer 3

It is an anti-spasmodic drug to treat peptic ulcers

Question 4

(2) Why is atropine used to tread peptic ulcers?

Answer 4

Because it relaxes the smooth muscle of the GI tract and decreases peristalsis

Question 5

(3) Atropine is used as agent for the heart, for what condition and what does it do?

Answer 5

Increase heart rate when bradycardia is present

Question 6

Atropine can be an antidote for?

Answer 6

Atropine can be used as an antidote for muscarinic agonist poisoning by an overdose of a cholinesterase inhibitor or a muscarinic drug such as BETHANECHOL (URECHOLINE)

Question 7

Other than atropine, which drug can also treat peptic ulcer? It can also treat intestinal spasticity.

Answer 7

Propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine)

Question 8

What are the other effects of Pro-Banthine?

Answer 8

Decreases gastric secretions and GI spasms

Question 9

Where is atropine absorbed?

Answer 9

It is well absorbed orally and parenterally

Question 10

Does atropine cross the blood brain barrier?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Does it cross the placenta?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Does atropine have a high chance of accumulation?

Answer 12

No, it has a short half-life

Question 13

Where is it mostly excreted?

Answer 13

Urine

Question 14

When atropine blocks the vagus stimulation, what occurs? For which heart condition is it used for?

Answer 14

Heart rate increases. Sinus bradycardia

Question 15

When atropine paralyzes the iris sphincter, what occurs?

Answer 15

Promotes dilation of the pupils

Question 16

What is the effect of atropine to salivary glands and respiratory tract?

Answer 16

It is used to decrease salivation and respiratory secretions preoperatively

Question 17

When is the onset of action if given PO?

Answer 17

0.5 to 1 hour

Question 18

When is the peak if given PO?

Answer 18

1 to 2 hours

Question 19

How long is the duration if given PO and IM?

Answer 19

4 hours

Question 20

When is the onset if given IM?

Answer 20

10 to 30 minutes

Question 21

When is the peak if given IM?

Answer 21

30 minutes

Question 22

When is the onset if administered intravenously?

Answer 22

Immediate (UK)

Question 23

When is the peak if administered intravenously?

Answer 23

2 to 4 minutes

Question 24

What are the side effects?

Answer 24

Dry mouth, nausea, headache, constipation, dry skin, flushing, mydriasis, blurred vision, photophobia (intolerance of bright light), abdominal distension, palpitations, urinary retention, impotence

Question 25

What are the adverse reactions?

Answer 25

Tachycardia, hypotension or hypertension, paralytic ileus, coma, ventricular fibrillation

Question 26

Atropine increases the effects of which drugs?

Answer 26

Increase anticholinergic effect with phenothiazines, antihistamines, tricyclic, antidepressants, amantadine, quinidine

Question 27

Who is it contraindicated for?

Answer 27

Clients who have narrow-angle glaucoma, obstructive GI disorders, BPH, myasthenia gravis, myocardial ischemia, tachycardia, COPD, heart failure, renal or hepatic disorders