Atrioventricular Valve Disease + Heartworm

Question 1

What is the cardiovascular disease where the valve leaflets become thickened

Answer 1

Atrioventricular valve disease

Question 2

Atrioventricular valve disease is degenerative and is seen primarily in __________

Answer 2

Canines

Question 3

What is the break down of the occurrence of Atrioventricular valve disease
60% __________ valve
30% __________
10% __________

Answer 3

60% Mitral valve
30% Both valves
10% Right

Question 4

The insufficient function of AV valves with atrioventricular valve disease causes what three complications/ clinical signs

Answer 4

1. Leaking (murmurs)
2. Failure of forward flow (decreased tissue perfusion)
3. Late stage arrythmias

Question 5

Prepatent period of heart worms is 60 days. What is a prepatent period

Answer 5

Time of infection to time of clinical signs

Question 6

When heartworms die they can cause a PTE. What does PTE stand for

Answer 6

Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Question 7

Hemoptysis

Answer 7

Coughing up blood

Question 8

Clinical signs of heartworm depend on what two things

Answer 8

1. Worm burden (how many)
2. Longevity (lifespan)

Question 9

Typical worm burden and longevity for canine feline and ferret

Answer 9

Canine: 30+ worms and up to 7 years
Feline: 1-3 worms up to 3 years
Ferrets: Low numbers

Question 10

Three diagnostic methods for detecting heartworm

Answer 10

1. Knott’s (microfilaria)
2. Antigen test (only adult females >7 mo.)
3. Echocardiography