Atrial Septal Defects

Question 1

Prevalence of ASD

Answer 1

0.88 per 1000 Adults

Question 2

Most common type of ASD which is a true deficiency in the atrial septum, in the region of fossa ovalis

Answer 2

Secundum ASD

Question 3

PFO persists in up to ____% of adults

Answer 3

25%

Question 4

Associated with cleft in mitral valve

Answer 4

Primum ASD

Question 5

Usually involve anomalous right-sided pulmonary venous return

Answer 5

Sinus Venosus

Question 6

the right-sided pulmonary veins connect to the inferior vena cava (IVC)

Answer 6

Scimitar Vein

Question 7

Supraventricular arrhythmias develop by 40 years of age in about ____ % of patients and become increasingly preva-lent with advancing age.

Answer 7

10%

Question 8

The classic physical examination of an ASD is a ___________________, which is due to prolonged RV ejection and increased PA capacitance, which, in turn, delay pulmonary valve closure.

Answer 8

wide, fixed split-ting of the second heart sound

Question 9

Negative P waves in the inferior leads indicate a low atrial pacemaker often seen in ____________ defects

Answer 9

superior sinus venosus

Question 10

CXR finding seen in Scimitar Syndrome

Answer 10

hypoplasia of the right hemithorax

Question 11

Represents the course of the right-sided pulmonary veins.

Answer 11

Scimitar Sign
“Turkish Sword Sign”

Question 12

Device closure is available only for patients with a secundum ASD with a stretched diameter of less than ________  mm and with adequate rims (> ________ mm) to enable secure deployment of the device.

Answer 12

36 to 40mm, > 5mm