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PHR2042 > Atrial Fibrillation > Flashcards

Atrial Fibrillation Flashcards

1
Q

What is an arrhythmia

A

An abnormality in rate and or rhythm of the heart

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2
Q

What is the normal heart rate

A

60-100 bpm

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3
Q

Where does heart rate get generated from

A

Sino Atrial Node (SA node)

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4
Q

What is another name for normal heart rate

A

Normal sinus rhythm (SR)

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5
Q

What is the heart rate for tachycardia

A

> 100 bpm

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6
Q

What is the heart rate for bradycardia

A

<60 bpm

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7
Q

How are arrhythmias classified to

A

Heart rate and according to the sites from which they arise

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8
Q

What are supra ventricular tachycardias

A

Tachycardias that arise from sites above the Bundle of His

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9
Q

What are ventricular tachycardias

A

Tachycardias that arise from sites below the Bundle of His

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10
Q

Examples of Supraventricular tachycardias

A

Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)
Paroxismal supraventricular tachycardias (PSVT)
Premature atrial contractions (PACs)

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11
Q

Examples of Ventricular tachycardias

A

Ventricular tachycardias (VT, V-Tach)
Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib)
Premature Ventricular contractions (PVCs)

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12
Q

Define ‘flutter’

A

refers to contractions that are rapid but are co-ordinated

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13
Q

What is Atrial Flutter classed as

A

Supraventricular arrthymia

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14
Q

What can atrial flutter cause

A

Bothersome symptoms
promote atrial thrombus formation
potential for systemic embolisation

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15
Q

What does long term atrial flutter result in

A

result in impaired ventricular function

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16
Q

Why restore sinus rhythm

A

improves symptoms
decreases risk of embolisation

17
Q

What are typical complaints of atrial flutter

A

palpitations
fatigue
lightheadedness
mild shortness of breath

18
Q

What are less common complaints of atrial flutter

A

significant dyspnea
angina
hypotension
anxiety
pre syncope (about to faint)
syncope

19
Q

What occurs in fibrillation

A

Contractions of different myocardial fibres occurs at different times making coordinated pumping action of chambers impossible

20
Q

Can atrial flutter become atrial fibrillation

A

Yes. Atrial flutter often degenerates quickly into atrial fibrillation

21
Q

What is the purpose of ECG/EKG

A

ECG records the heart’s electrical activity

22
Q

Which node gives rise to an electrical signal

A

Sino atrial node (SA node)

23
Q

Where is the SA node located

A

right atrium

24
Q

Function of SA node

A

Gives rise to an electrical signal

25
Q

What does the P wave represent

A

wave of action potential that are occurring in the atria to cause atrial contraction

PHR2042 (4 decks)

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