Atrial Arrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP)

A

Natural pacemaker shifts to latent pacemaker sites (SA to AV junction & back to SA node) Common in athletes, geriatric, children, dig toxicity Happens while exercising or sleeping Does not require treatment

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2
Q

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP) Tracing

A

Noticeable change in P wave PR interval varies QRS complex normal Rate normal but rhythm irregularity

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3
Q

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)

A

Caused by increased impulses sent from atria to ventricles 100+bpm Different areas in atria release impulses simultaneously Confused with A-fib, but MAT has visible P wave Caused by CAD, HF, valvar heart disease, DM, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, azotemia, sepsis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, post-op state

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4
Q

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT) Tracing

A

3+ different P waves PR interval varies QRS complex normal but rhythm irregular

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5
Q

Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)

A

Electrical impulse released earlier than expected impulse of SA node Caused by stress or stimulants, HTN, MI, valve disorder, electrolyte imbalance sx: “fluttering” sensation

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6
Q

Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) Tracing

A

Present, but irregularly shaped, P waves PR interval varies QRS complex normal

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7
Q

Atrial Tachy

A

Electrical impulse generated in atrial chambers rather than SA node SA node overriden sx: palpitations, syncope, dyspnea, fatigue

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8
Q

Atrial Tachy Tracing

A

P waves different shape

Short PR interval less than 0.12 sec

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9
Q

Supraventricular Tachy

A

Heart rhythm originates in ventricle or AV node

Triggers: heart disease, caffeine, alcohol, smoking, stress

May lead to heart failure

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10
Q

Two main types of Supraventricular Tachy

A

Atrioventricular nodal reentral tachy (AVNRT)

Atrioventricular reciprocating tachy (AVRT)

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11
Q

Supraventricular Tachy Tracing

A

P waves difficult to see (buried in T waves)

PR interval can’t be measured

QRS interval normal

Regular heart beat

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12
Q

Atrial Flutter

A

Atria release impulses 250-400x/minute

Not all impulses conducted to ventricles = therapeutic block at AV node

Heart fails to pump ample blood supply

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13
Q

Atrial Flutter Tracing

A

P waves sawtooth

PR interal varies

QRS normal

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14
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

Irregular, rapid, uncoordinated twitching of atrial cardiac muscle

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15
Q

Atrial Fibrillation Tracing

A

Absence of P waves

No PR interval

QRS complex normal

Rhythm irregular

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