ATP synthesis

Question 1

Describe ATP synthase.

Answer 1

Protons flow from intermembrane space to matrix, resulting in ATP synthesis.
F1 is a peripheral membrane protein that plugs pore of F0 so a proton gradient can form. F0 is an integral membrane protein.

Question 2

F1 complex

Answer 2

alternating alpha and beta subunits. gamma unit is associated with empty beta subunit.

Different conformations of beta subunits allows for different ability to bind ADP/ATP

Question 3

What causes ATP synthesis?

Answer 3

The rotation of the gamma subunit in F1 causes release of ATP. This rotation is caused by flow of protons through F0 causing conformational changes required for ATP synthesis.

Question 4

What role does an electrochemical gradient play in ATP synthesis.

Answer 4

voltage difference drives exchange of ADP for ATP due to electrochemical gradient.
Cotransport of H+ and phosphate also required for ATP synthesis.

Question 5

Theoretical net yield of ATP?

Answer 5

36.

NADH from glycolysis results in a lower ATP yield than other NADH.