ATP and water Flashcards
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate is a phosphorated macromolecule
What does ATP consist of?
It has the nitrogenous base adenine a pentose sugar which is ribose and three phosphate groups
Describe the bonds between each phosphate
The bonds between the phosphate are weak and are easily hydrolysed when the terminal bond is hydrolysed energy is released. This energy can be used by the cell or organism
What are the importance of enzymes
Enzymes eight, the hydrolysis and production of ATP ATP hydrolase catalyse the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and then inorganic phosphate ion and ATP sent can capitalise the addition of a inorganic phosphate ion to ADP to make ATP
Why is ATP used as a universal energy source?
It releases energy in small amounts
It is easily hydrolysed in one step to release ADP in organic phosphate ion and energy
When energy is released from reactions or by proton gradient, it can be rapidly recent size from ADP and PI
It cannot leave cells through cell membranes and it phosphorus other compounds making them more reactive
What type of molecule is water?
Water is a polar molecule and this means that it has an uneven distribution of charge. The oxygen is more negative than the hydrogen because the electrons are drawn towards the oxygen and away from the hydrogen.
What are the properties of water?
Water is a good metabolite for condensation and hydrolysis reactions. It has a highlighted heat of vaporisation which allows the body to cool when sweating. It has a high specific heat capacity which prevents large fluctuations in water temperature. It has strong cohesive properties and high tensile strength which provides high surface tension.
