ATP

Question 1

Describe how an ATP molecule is formed from its component molecules. (5)

Answer 1

• condensation reaction
  -b/t ADP and Pi
  -via ATP synthase
  -makes ATP: 3 P, ribose, adenine
  -during respiration

Question 2

Why is it necessary for humans to make large amounts of ATP? (2)

Answer 2

-ATP is an immediate source of energy
-only releases small amounts of energy at a time

Question 3

Describe the part played by the inner membrane of a mitochondria, and in producing ATP (3)

Answer 3

-Electrons are transferred down ETC
-provides energy to take protons in spaces between membranes
-protons passed back into matrix
-energy used to make ATP

Question 4

A scientist investigated ATP production in isolated mitochondria. Why is the solution isotonic? (1)

Answer 4

-prevent damage
-water enter/exit via osmosis

Question 5

A scientist investigated ATP production in mitochondria. Why did the scientist not use glucose as the respiratory substrate? (2)

Answer 5

-glucose is used during glycolysis in the cytoplasm
-can’t enter the mitochondria

Question 6

Why would the oxygen concentration change during ATP production? (1)

Answer 6

-used to make water

Question 7

What is the advantage of mitochondria in muscle cells, having more cristae than skin cells? (2)

Answer 7

-Larger surface area, so more enzymes for ATP production
-Muscle cells use more ATP than skin cells