Atopic Dermatitis Flashcards
Refers to a predisposition to excessive IgE response
Atopic
Chronic relapsing skin disease is common in what age groups?
infancy and childhood
How many percent of children does AD affect worldwide?
10-20%
How many percent of children does AD occur in the first 6 months of life? first year of life? Before age 5?
45%, 60%, 85%
highly differentiated flattended keratinocytes
Corneocytes
derived from pro-fillagrin and helps maintain skin hydration
NMF
Encases the corneocytes preventing water loss
lipid lamellae
hold corneocytes together and maintain the integrity of the barrier
corneodesmosomes
example of a protease in the skin barrier
KLK7
example of a protease inhibitor in the skin barrier
cystatin A and LEKTI
Characteristics of the acute phase
intensely pruritic, erythematous, infiltration by Th2 cells
Characteristics of the chronic phase
Th1 type of response, rise in IL-12
Major criteria for the Hanifin-Rajka criteria
- Pruritus
- typical morphology and distribution
- chronically relapsing dermatitis
- family history
Minor criteria of the Hanifin-Rajka criteria
- Anterior neck folds
- chelitis
- influenced by env’t and emotions
- Dennie-Morgan infraorbital folds
- Early age of onset
- Ichthyosis, palmar hyperlinearity, keratosis pilaris
- immediate skin test reactivity
- orbital darkening
- pityriasis alba
- elevated serum IgE
- tendency towards recurrent cutaneous infections
- xerosis
What stage of AD is being described? pruritic, erythematous papules, patches, vesicles; weeping and exudative; seen on extensor surfaces
Infant stage
What stage of AD is being described? large lichenified plaques and scaling, affliction of flexural folds
Adult stage
What stage of AD is being described? less weeping and exudative, more lichenified and excoriated, flexor surfaces affected; staph infection
Childhood stage
Flaking of skin early in life due to increase in penetration of anythign applied to the skin
Netherton syndrome
malignancy with dermatitis, presents with punched out lesions on x-ray
Letterer-Siwe disease or Langerhans histiocytosis
lesions on face and diaper area (acrodermatitis), chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive
Zinc deficiency
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome Triad
Thrombocytopenia, Recurrent infection, Eczema
Top 8 Food Allergens
Milk Egg Peanut Nuts Wheat Fish Shellfish Soy
Microbial agents that aggravate AD
S. aureus, Malassezia
natural antimicrobial found in the skin but congenitally defective in people with AD
Canthelecidins
the gold standard in treatment of AD
topical steroids
topical non-steroidal agent for AD
tacrolimus
