Atoms, Periodic Table, Mixtures And Chemical Reactions Review Flashcards
What is chromatography used to seperate?
Solutions with a number of different solutes in a solvent.
What is a solute?
The solid
What is the solvent?
The liquid
What is the solution?
A liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent).
What is the stationary phase in chromatography?
The solid or viscous liquid
What is the mobile phase in chromatography?
When substances are picked up and carried by liquid or gas.
What can we say if the Rf values of a reference and a spot match in all solvent?
It’s very likely that the mixture contains the reference compound
What is not a reason for repeating the solubility experiment?
To see if you can carry out an experiment in a quicker time.
Hydrochloric acid always makes something…
-chloride
What is a neutralisation reaction?
When an acid and alkali will neutralise each other and produce a salt and water. This is called a neutralisation reaction.
What microscope can see the outline of an atom
Electron microscope
Who were atoms discovered by?
John Dalton
What is an element?
Something made up of one type of atom.
What is a compound?
More than one type of atom chemically bonded together.
What is a mixture?
More than one type of atom not chemically bonded together.
What can a micture be a mixture of?
Elements and other elements, compounds and other compounds or elements and compounds
When are molecules formed?
Molecules are formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.
What are covalent bonds?
Bonds between non-metals and non-metals. Covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons in the outer shell of the atom.
What are two atoms covalently bonded together called?
Diatomic
What do particles do around a fixed position?
Vibrate
What do we call the tiny particles found in the universe?
Atoms
What state are particles which are not touching and are always moving most likely to be in?
Gas
What is the boiling point of water
100*C
What is the element at the lowest boiling point?
Helium at -269*C
What is the element with the highest boiling point?
Tungsten at 5,555*C
What is the element with the lowest melting point?
Helium at -272*C
What is the element with the highest melting point?
Carbon at 4500*C
What are the physical properties of an element?
Colour, boiling point, melting point and density
Who arranged elements into what we now know as the modern periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
At the moment how many elements are there in the periodic table?
118
How many elements are natural?
90
How are elements arranged?
In order of there atomic number.
What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called?
Groups
What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?
Periods
What does the size of the atom do as you go left to right along the period?
Decrease
What fraction of the elements are metals?
3/4
What does the melting and boiling point of alkili metals do as you go down the group
Decrease
What will a non-metal do if it reacts with oxygen?
Form a non-metal oxide.
What will form when a metal reacts with oxgen
A metal oxide.
What can metals be meaning that it makes a ring when hit?
Sonorous
Metal is malleable, what does that mean?
It can be bent into shape
What is a trend of halogens?
It gets darker and less reactive as you go down the group
