Atoms Elements Compounds and Mixtures Flashcards
Name the tiny particles that make up all matter.
Atoms
State the two broad categories that elements can be
divided into.
Metals and Non-Metals
List the names of the three subatomic particles that make up atoms.
Protons, Electrons and Neutrons
State the number of electrons that can be held in the first, second, and third electron shells of an atom.
1st -2, 2nd - 8, 3rd - 18, 4th -32
Explain why it is impossible to have a monatomic compound.
Compounds have two different elements, and monoatomic means only one atom (type) - one element.
Describe the structure of an atom in terms of the three subatomic particles.
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus, and electrons are in the cloud (shells).
Atoms are
Smallest building blocks of matter
Brittle means
easily crumbles or shatters
Ductile…
able to be stretched to form a wire
Elements
Substances made up of only one type of atom
malleable
able to be hammered or bent into a new shape
Metals are
substances that have a metallic shine, conduct heat and electricity, can be hammered into sheets, and drains into wires
Molecules
clusters of atoms
Monoatomic elements
elements that consist of single atoms
Non metals
substances that are dull, do not conduct heat or electricity and they break and crumble
Period table
a table that shows all the known elements (117)
Properties
characteristics of a substance
Alloys
mixtures of a metal with other metals, or non-metals
Compounds
substances made of lattices or identical molecules with two or more types of atoms
Mixtures
Any combination of two or more elements or compounds
Atomic number
the number of protons in an atom
Electrons
the negatively charged subatomic particles that form a cloud around the nucleus of an atom
Electronic shells
areas around an atom in which electrons spin
Mass Number
the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Neutrons
the neutral subatomic particles that sit in the nucleus of an atom with the protons
Nucleus
the cluster of protons and neutrons at the centre of an atom
Protons
the positive subatomic particles that sit in a nucleus of an atom with the neutrons
Subatomic particles
the particle that make up atoms (protons, neutrons and electrons)
