Atoms, Elements and Ions Flashcards
Definition of an atom
Atoms are the particles that create element depending of the amount of Protons, Neutron and electron arrangement. All matter is made of elements.
Definition of an element
An element is a substance made up of 1 type of atom
Protons
Positive charge, mass of 1, found in the nucleus
Neutrons
Neutral charge, mass of 1, found in the nucleus.
Electrons
Negative charge, mass of 1/2000, found in the shells surrounding the nucleus.
Electron shells arrangement
2,8,8
Atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus.
Mass number
Number/mass of Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus
Uncharged Atom
The number of protons and electrons are equal, so each one balances the other, giving the atom a neutral charge overall.
Valence shell/electrons
the outer electron shell, this shell loses of gains the electrons to become stable.
Period (on a Periodic table)
the number of electron shells in an element, on the side going down.
Groups (on a Periodic table)
the number of electrons in the outer electron shell, on the top going across.
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons, but have a different number of neutrons, this can make the atom heavier or lighter, depending on if there is more of less neutrons.
Ion definition
An atom that has lost of gained electrons in its valence shell to become stable, by having a full valence shell.
Ion charges
Ions will have an unequal amount of electrons and protons depending on if they have lost or gained electrons, this gives them a positive or negative charge, depending on the amount lost r gained that is the number next to the charge.
