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KS3 Chemistry - BBC Bitesize > Atoms, elements and compounds > Flashcards

Atoms, elements and compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

There are over __ different elements, which are made up of atoms.

A

100

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2
Q

___ are used to help explain elements, compounds and mixtures.

A

Particle diagrams

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3
Q

Some elements exist as individual __, but some bond together to form __ of the same element.

A

atoms
molecules of atoms

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4
Q

Why could the iron be separated easily from the sulfur before they were heated together, but not afterwards?

A

Iron is a magnetic element, so it can be separated from a mixture using a magnet. But after the iron and sulfur have been heated, they react to make the compound iron sulfide. You cannot easily separate an element from a compound.

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5
Q

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other ___.

A

substances

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6
Q

An element is made from just one type of __

A

atom

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7
Q

Some elements exist as individual ___, but some exist as.

A

atoms
molecules

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8
Q

Most of the elements are ___.

A

metals

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9
Q

How many chemical elements do you think there are?

A

there are actually 118 chemical elements

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10
Q

The air we breathe is mostly made from __ and __

A

nitrogen
oxygen

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11
Q

In the periodic table metals are found on the __

A

left

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12
Q

In the periodic table non_metals are found on the __

A

right

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13
Q

Describe properties ofr Hydrogen

A

It is an explosive gas which burns with a very clear ‘squeaky pop’ when a burning splint is inserted into a test tube containing it.

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14
Q

Helium is also a gas, but is very different from hydrogen because it doesn’t take part in any ___

A

chemical reactions.

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15
Q

Scientists Marie and Pierre Curie discovered two elements: __ and __ . For these discoveries, Marie Curie received a .

A

radium
polonium
Nobel prize

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16
Q

___ can be used to show the atoms of elements. All of the atoms in a particle diagram must be the same __ and__ .

A

Particle diagrams
colour
size

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17
Q

In a solid element the particles are ___ and arranged in a ___

A

close together
regular way

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18
Q

In a liquid element the particles are ___ and arranged in a ___

A

close together
random way

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19
Q

In a gaseous element the particles are ___ and arranged in a ___

A

apart
random way

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20
Q

Some non-metal elements are made from atoms which are bonded into clusters called ____.

A

molecules

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21
Q

A ___ is a pure substance that is made from more than one element. In a __ , elements are chemically bonded together, which makes it very difficult to separate them.

A

compound
compound

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22
Q

When a compound is made, the atoms of the elements bond together in a fixed ___ . This means that each compound can be represented by a

A

ratio
chemical formula.

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23
Q

the formula of water is __

A

H₂O

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24
Q

the formula of carbon dioxide is __

A

CO₂.

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25
Q

To break apart the elements in a compound, a ___ must take place.

A

chemical reaction

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26
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

Splitting up a liquid or dissolved compound into its elements using electricity.

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27
Q

What is thermal decomposition?

A

Breaking down a compound into its elements, or simpler compounds using a high temperature.

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28
Q

When elements make a compound through a physical process such as ___ or ___ , it is impossible to separate them.

A

filtration
boiling

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29
Q

A particle diagram for a compound will show more than one type of __

A

atom

30
Q

Water molecules are made up of __ elements -___ and__ .

A

two
hydrogen
oxygen

31
Q

Carbon dioxide molecules are made up of __ elements - __ and __.

A

two
carbon
oxygen

32
Q

Compounds made from non-metal elements that are bonded together usually form __.

A

molecules

33
Q

Compounds including both a __ element and a __ element bonded together do not form molecules.

A

metal
non-metal

34
Q

Compounds including both a metal element and a non-metal element bonded together form a ___

A

lattice

35
Q

A ___ is formed when two or more elements or compounds are present without being chemically bonded together.

A

mixture

36
Q

Substances which have been mixed are not present in specific ___ or __ like they are in a compound

A

amounts
ratios

37
Q

In a mixture, the two ingredients can be separated using ___ , without chemical reactions.

A

physical processes

38
Q

A mixture of sand and water can be separated using ___

A

filtration

39
Q

A solution of salt and water can be separated using __ or ___

A

crystallisation
distillation

40
Q

A mixture of iron filings and sulfur powder can be separated using a ___ .

A

magnet

41
Q

Air is a mixture which is made mainly of ___ molecules and ___ molecules.

A

nitrogen
oxygen

42
Q

Whereabouts on the periodic table are the non-metals found?

A

On the right.

43
Q

Which technique is most likely to be used to separate the elements which are bonded together in a compound?

A

Thermal decomposition.

Thermal decomposition can be used to break down some compounds into elements. Simple techniques like filtration and evaporation will not work, but they can be used for separating mixtures.

44
Q

Letters from the alphabet are used to represent chemical ___ .

A

elements

45
Q

An element’s chemical symbol is a single ___ letter or a capital letter followed by a __ letter.

A

capital
lower case

46
Q

The __ shows the chemical symbols for all the different elements.

A

periodic table

47
Q

The formula H₂O is used to represent water. What does the formula mean?

A

The formula H₂O shows that water is made from two atoms of hydrogen (H) bonded to one atom of oxygen (O).

48
Q

What is an element?

A

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance. Every element is made up of its own type of atom.

49
Q

Elements are represented by letters from the alphabet. These letters are also known as ___ .

A

symbols

50
Q

The symbol H is for ___

A

hydrogen

51
Q

The symbol C is for ___

A

carbon

52
Q

The symbol He is for ___

A

helium

53
Q

The symbol Mg is for ___

A

magnesium

54
Q

The symbol Na is for ___

A

sodium

55
Q

A lot of the element names have come from Latin. The Latin name for sodium was ‘___’.

A

natrium

56
Q

Which element has the symbol N?

A

Nitrogen.

57
Q

There are 118 chemical elements and they are listed on the periodic table.
___ chemical elements occur naturally on Earth and in the universe.
elements are made using nuclear reactions.

A

94
24

58
Q

The formula of a compound shows how many __ of each element are bonded together.

A

atoms

59
Q

The formula is made up of ___ and.

A

symbols
numbers

60
Q

Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. The symbols H for hydrogen and O for oxygen are used to represent .

A

H₂O

61
Q

Oxygen gas is a molecule made of two oxygen (O) atoms represented as .

A

O₂

62
Q

Sulfuric acid is a combination of hydrogen (H), sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) represented as

A

H₂SO₄.

63
Q

For compounds made from metals and non-metals, the ratio is simplified down as much as possible.

The formula for Natrium Choldire is __ instead of Na₈Cl₈.

A

NaCl

64
Q

Calcium chloride has the formula CaCl₂, so there are __ as many chlorine atoms present as calcium atoms.

A

twice

65
Q

Many non-metal elements are made from molecules, and these have a chemical formula which shows how many __ are bonded to each other in their molecules.

A

atoms

66
Q

Which elements does MgCl₂ contain? How many of each type of atom are present?

A

MgCl₂ is the formula for magnesium chloride, which is a compound containing magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl). There are two atoms of chlorine for every one atom of magnesium.

67
Q

Carbon exists in different forms, including __ , ___ and __ .

A

graphite
diamond
graphene

68
Q

Carbon atoms are arranged in a regular pattern, meaning carbon is __ at room temperature.

A

solid

69
Q

Nitrogen makes up about __ of the Earth’s atmosphere.

A

78% o

70
Q

Nitrogen isn’t very reactive, but it can react with oxygen at high temperatures, such as in car engines. These reactions make __ .

A

nitrogen oxides

71
Q

The boiling point of nitrogen is __ , so liquid nitrogen is very cold indeed. This means liquid nitrogen is ideal for freezing food, such as vegetables, very quickly, allowing them to stay fresher for longer.

A

−196 °C

KS3 Chemistry - BBC Bitesize (7 decks)

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