Atoms,Compounds, etc Flashcards
What is an atom?
The basis for molecules and compounds
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom.
What is mass number?
Protons plus neutrons.
What is a covalent bond?
A bond formed what atoms share electrons
What is a ionic bond?
A bond formed when atoms gain or lose elections becoming electrically charged.
H2O is what kind of bond?
Polar covalent bond
What is a isotope?
2 or more forms of an element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What is the octet rule of atoms?
That an atom needs 8 electrons in the outer shell to be stable.
Whats the difference between polar and non polar bonds?
Polar is the non equal sharing of electrons while non polar is the equal sharing of electrons.
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion.
What is a anion?
A negatively charged ion.
What is a free radical?
electrically charged atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron in its outer shell.
What is a antioxidant?
Substances that inactivate oxygen-derived free radicals.
What is a organic compound?
Contain carbon,covalent bond,functional groups.
What is a inorganic compound?
Lacks carbon,ionic bond.
What are the 4 organic compounds?
Carbohydrates,lipids,proteins,nucleic acids.
Amt of energy required to start a reaction is
Activation Energy
What is an enzyme
Enzymes promote chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed.
What is a catalysts
Compounds that speed up chemical reactions
Kineases catalyze what
Phosphorylation reaction
Phosphatses
Enzymes that hydrolyze the bond between the phosphate group and the amino acid
Hydroxylases
Catalyze the addition of hydroxyl group to an organic compound
Decarboxylases
Enzymes that remove a co2 group from the carboxyl group of an organic compound
Dehydrogenases
Enzymes that catalyze the xfer of hydrogen/electrons from a donor to acceptor
Oxidases
Catalyzes an oxidation-reduction involving molecular oxygen
