Atoms,Compounds And Isotapes

Question 1

mass number?

Answer 1

Total number of protons and neutrons (top number)

Question 2

Atomic Number?

Answer 2

Number of protons (bottem number)

Question 3

Elements

Answer 3

All have different numbers of protons (atomic number)

Question 4

To get the number of neutrons

Answer 4

Take away the the atomic number from the mass number

Question 5

Electrons definition

Answer 5

Electrons aren’t counted in the mass number (top number) because their relative mass is very small

Question 6

Electron

Answer 6

Very Small

Question 7

Particles

Answer 7

Particles are the smallest bits that make up something

Question 8

Relative mass

Answer 8

How heavy a particle is compared to the others

Question 9

Compounds

Answer 9

Compounds are made when atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined (joined) together!

Question 10

One example «

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide is a compound.its made from a chemical reaction between carbon and oxygen

Question 11

Isotopes

Answer 11

Isotopes are the same expect for the number of neutrons (protons + electrons)

Question 12

Example «

Answer 12

Carbon 12
12
6
= C
Equals 6 protons + electrons + neutrons all 6

Question 13

ExAm technique

Answer 13

It’s really important u understand that an isotope is just the same element with a different number of neutrons

Question 14

Ionic bonding -transferring electrons

Answer 14

In ionic bonding atoms lose or gain electrons to form ions

Question 15

Ionic bonding <

Answer 15

Ions can have a positive + or - charge

Question 16

Ionic bonds

Answer 16

Oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other to form ionic bonds

Question 17

Shells

Answer 17

A shell with just one or two electrons wants to lose them

Question 18

Atoms

Answer 18

Atoms with just one or two electrons in their outer shell (highest energy level) want to lose these

Question 19

Atoms <

Answer 19

Then they will have a full shell.this means they will have the same electronic structure as a noble gas

Question 20

Noble gases

Answer 20

Nobles gases all have a full outer shell

Question 21

Full shells

Answer 21

Atoms with nearly full outer shells want to gain an extra one or two electrons to fill the shell up

Question 22

Full shells <

Answer 22

So. They also take an electron or two from an atom that wants to lose one (or two)

Question 23

Ionic compounds

Answer 23

Ionic compounds have a giant ionic lattice structure

Question 24

Ionic compounds

Answer 24

The oppsitley charged ions in the compounds are attracted to each other.

Question 25

Ionic compounds

Answer 25

The forces of attraction are called electrostic forces (act in all directions)

Question 26

Sodium chloride

Answer 26

Sodium

Chloride is a giant ionic lattice

Question 27

Ionic compounds

Answer 27

All have high melting points and high boiling points,it takes a lot of energy to break the strong bonds

Question 28

Ionic compounds also

Answer 28

Once they melt they are freerer to move around this means they also carry electric current

Question 29

Ionic compounds also

Answer 29

Dissolve easily in water.the ions separate and are free to move.this means they’ll carry electric current

Question 30

Ions and formulas

Answer 30

Atoms that have a lost an electron/s are positively + charged ions

Question 31

Ions

Answer 31

Atoms that have gained an electron are negatively negative charged ions

Question 32

Group elements

Answer 32

Alkali metals are metals

Question 33

Alkali metals

Answer 33

They lose an electron to form an Ion with a 1+ charge (they form ionic compounds with non metals to

Question 34

Group 7 elements (halogens)

Answer 34

Are Non mentals

• they gain an electron to form an ion with a 1 charge
• they form ionic compounds with. The alkali metals eg Na+CL-

Question 35

Group one ions

Answer 35

Always have a 1+ charge

Question 36

Group 7 ions

Answer 36

Always have a 1- charge

Question 37

Ionic compounds

Answer 37

Made up of positively Charged part + and a negatively charged part -

Question 38

Negative charges of s compound

Answer 38

Negative charges in a compound must. Balance out the positive charges e.g. If you’ve got a 1- ion there also needs to be s 1+ ion