Atoms and the Periodic Table

Question 1

define matter

Answer 1

-anything that has mass and takes up space
-made up of atoms

Question 2

what are the three parts of an atom

Answer 2

proton, neutron, and electron

Question 3

what are the charges of each part of the atom

Answer 3

proton = +1
neutron = 0
electron = -1

Question 4

where is each part of the atom located

Answer 4

proton = centre of nucleus
neutron = centre of nucleus
electron =outside the nucleus

Question 5

what are different types of atoms called

Answer 5

elements

Question 6

what is a period

Answer 6

-the horizontal rows on the periodic table

Question 7

how many periods are on the period table

Answer 7

7

Question 8

what is a group

Answer 8

the vertical columns on the periodic table

Question 9

how many groups are on the periodic table

Answer 9

18

Question 10

what are valence electrons

Answer 10

electrons in the outer shell of an atom

Question 11

how do you know the number of valence electrons in an element

Answer 11

the group number tells the number of valence electrons in an element
ex. all elements in group one have 1 valence electrons

Question 12

how do you find the number of protons in an element

Answer 12

the atomic number (number in top left corner)

Question 13

how do you find the number of electrons in an element

Answer 13

the atomic number (top left corner)

Question 14

how do you find the number of neutrons in and element

Answer 14

atomic number - atomic mass

(round the answer)

(atomic mass is under the element symbol)

Question 15

how do you write atomic notation

Answer 15

4 <— atomic mass
He <— element symbol
2 <— atomic number

Question 16

what is an ion

Answer 16

an atom that has lost or gained electrons

Question 17

what are the two types of ions

Answer 17

anion and cation

Question 18

what is an anion

Answer 18

an ion that has gained electrons (non-metals)

Question 19

what is a cation

Answer 19

an ion that has lost electrons (metals)

Question 20

what is a physical change

Answer 20

a change in the state of a substance

Question 21

what is a physical property

Answer 21

a measureable property

Question 22

what is a chemical property

Answer 22

properties that are shown during a chemical reaction

Question 23

what is a chemical reaction

Answer 23

when a substance combines with another to form a new substance

Question 24

what are the five clues of a chemical change

Answer 24

change in colours, formation of bubbles, formation of precipitate, formation of a gas, and heat or light produces

Question 25

what is an element

Answer 25

a substance that cannot be broken down any further

Question 26

what is a proton

Answer 26

subatomic particle with a positive charge, located in nucleus

Question 27

what is a neutron

Answer 27

subatomic particle with no charge, located in nucleus

Question 28

what is an electron

Answer 28

subatomic particle with a negative charge, located outside nucleus

Question 29

what are valance electrons

Answer 29

electrons in the outer shell of an atom

Question 30

what are alkali metals

Answer 30

elements in group 1 of the periodic table (aside from hydrogen) soft shiny metals with low melting points

Question 31

what are alkaline earth metals

Answer 31

elements in group 2 of the periodic table. they have 2 valence electrons, they are highly reactive, and good conductors of electricity

Question 32

what is a bohr rutherford diagram

Answer 32

a diagram showing the protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons on the shells

Question 33

what is a chemical family

Answer 33

a group of elements that have certain similar physical and chemical properties

Question 34

what is a noble gas

Answer 34

elements in group 18 of the periodic table, odourless, colourless, very stable