Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry OCR A > Atoms and reactions > Flashcards

Atoms and reactions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons and different masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Relative isotopic mass

A

Mass of an isotope compared with 1/12th the mass of carbon-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Relative atomic mass

A

Weighted mean mass of one atom of an element compared with 1/12th the mass of carbon-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the purpose of mass spectrometry?

A

To determine relative isotopic masses and relative abundances of the isotope.
OR
Calculation of the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative abundances of its isotopes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Charge of a nitrate ion

A

NO3 (1-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Charge of a carbonate ion

A

CO3 (2-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Charge of a sulphate ion

A

SO4 (2-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Charge of a hydroxide ion

A

OH (1-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Charge of an ammonium ion

A

NH4 (1+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Charge of a zinc ion

A

Zn (2+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Charge of a silver ion

A

Ag (1+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are spectator ions?

A

Ions present in a reaction mixture but do not participate in the reaction. They therefore have the same charge, formula and state and are present in the same quantity on each side of the equation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a mole?

A

Unit for the amount of a substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Avogadro’s constant?

A

The number of particles per mole of a substance- 6.022x10^23.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define empirical formula

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define molecular formula

A

The number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule.

17
Q

Define anhydrous

A

Containing no water

18
Q

Define hydrated

A

Containing water

19
Q

Define water of crystallization

A

When water molecules form an essential part of the crystal structure of some compounds

20
Q

Volume of one mole of any gas

A

24dm^3

21
Q

Volume of gas equation

A

Volume= Moles x 24(000)

22
Q

Ideal gas equation

A 
pV= nRT
p- pressure (Pascals)
V- volume (m^3) 1m^3= 1000dm^3
n- number of moles
R-8.314 (J/K/mol)
T-temperature (Kelvin)
23
Q

1atm

A

101325Pa

24
Q

1 bar

A

100kPa= 100,000Pa

25
Q

Define percentage yield

A

Percentage ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield:

Experimental yield/Theoretical yield

26
Q

Define atom economy.

What is the equation for atom economy?

A

A measure of the amount of starting materials that become useful products:
Mass of desired useful product/Total mass of all products

27
Q

The higher the atom economy…

A

…the less waste is produced, making the process more economic and sustainable.

28
Q

4 common acids

A

HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, CH3COOH

29
Q

3 common alkalis

A

NaOH, KOH, NH3

30
Q

Define acid

A

A substance which releases H+ ions in aqueous solution; proton donors.

31
Q

Define base

What kinds of molecules can these be?

A

A substance which receives protons; a proton acceptor: metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia

32
Q

Define alkali

A

A soluble base which releases OH- ions in aqueous solution

33
Q

Define salt

A

Any substance formed from the reaction between an acid and either a base, alkali or carbonate. The H+ion of the acid is replaced by a metal ion or NH4+

34
Q

Define strong acids and weak acids

A

A strong acid is one that ionises fully in aqueous solution.

A weak acid is one that only partially dissociates in aqueous solution. Weak acids have a higher pH.

35
Q

Define neutralisation reactions

A

Reactions in which acids and alkalis react quantitatively to form a salt, so that there are no H+ or OH- ions present in the product solution. Water is formed from these ions.

36
Q

What is titration?

Briefly describe the process.

A

A technique where a solution of known concentration (Standard solution) is used to determine the concentration of another solution. The titrant is typically added via burette to a known quantity of the analyte until the reaction is complete often using an indicator to show this .

Chemistry OCR A (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions