Atoms And Reactions

Question 0

Define: Atomic(proton) Number

Answer 0

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 1

Define: Isotope

Answer 1

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of nuetrons

Question 2

Define:Mass(Nucleon) Number

Answer 2

The number of particles (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus

Question 3

Define:an ion

Answer 3

A positively or negatively charged atom or covalently bonded group of atoms (molecular ions)

Question 4

Define: relative isotopic mass

Answer 4

The mass of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 5

Define: relative atomic mass

Answer 5

The mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 6

Define: relative molecular mass

Answer 6

The mean mass of a molecule compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 7

Relative Formula mass

Answer 7

The mean mass of a formula unit compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 8

Define: amount of substance

Answer 8

The quantity whose unit is the mole. Used for counting atoms.

Question 9

Define: the Avogadro constant

Answer 9

The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope (6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1)

Question 10

Define: the mole

Answer 10

The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the isotope carbon-12

Question 11

Molar mass

Answer 11

The mass per mole of a substance. The units of molar mass are g mol^-1

Question 12

Define: empirical formula

Answer 12

The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 13

Define: a molecule

Answer 13

A small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 14

Define: molecular formula

Answer 14

The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 15

Define: molar volume

Answer 15

The volume per mole of a gas. The units are dm^3 mol^-1

Question 16

Define: concentration of a solution

Answer 16

The amount of solute in mol dissolved in per 1 dm^3 of a solution

Question 17

Define: standard solution

Answer 17

A solution of known concentration.

Question 18

Define: a species

Answer 18

Any type of particle that takes part in a chemical reaction

Question 19

Define: stoichiometry

Answer 19

The molar relationship between relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction

Question 20

Define: an acid

Answer 20

A species that is a proton donor

Question 21

Define: A base

Answer 21

A species that is a proton acceptor

Question 22

Define: an alkali

Answer 22

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions

Question 23

Define: A salt

Answer 23

Any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the avid has been replaced by a metal or another positive ion

Question 24

Define: hydrated

Answer 24

A crystalline compound containing water

Question 25

Define: Anhydrous

Answer 25

A substance that contains no water molecules

Question 26

Define:Water of crystallisation

Answer 26

Refers to water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound

Question 27

Define: oxidation number

Answer 27

A measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element.

Question 28

Define: oxidation

Answer 28

A loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number

Question 29

Define: reduction

Answer 29

A gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number

Question 30

Define: redox reaction

Answer 30

A reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place