Atoms and Periodic Table Test 11/13 Flashcards
Where are protons located?
In the nucleus
Where are electrons located?
In the energy levels of the electron cloud
Where are neutrons located?
In the nucleus
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
Charge: +1
Mass: 1amu
What is the charge and mass of a neutron?
Charge: 0
Mass: 1amu
What is the charge and mass of a electron?
Charge: -1
Mass: Ignored
Why are protons important?
They determine the type of atom; if you change the number of p+, you change the element
Why are neutrons important?
They stabilize the nucleus and keep is from exploding(a buffer between the p+ particles); if you change the number of n, you make an isotope of the same element
Why are electrons important?
They are responsible for chemical properties and bonding potential of each atom
Where are protons on the Periodic Table?
Atomic number(small top number)
Where are neutrons on the Periodic Table?
Rounded atomic mass - atomic number
Where are electrons on the Periodic Table?
Atomic number
What are Isotopes?
Formed when you change the number of neutrons; still the same element
Allotropes
Different combinations of identical atoms.
For example 02 verses 03
Diatomic molecular oxygen versus ozone
Do you cat ions have more p+ or e-?
p+
Do anions have more p+ or e-?
e-
What are valence electrons responsible for?
All of the chemical bonding
Where the heavy metals located?
Towards the left side but not including hydrogen
What are the qualities of the heavy metals?
Shiny and soft; reactive with other elements; easily lose their outermost electrons; can be cut easily; have low density, melting point, and boiling point
Where are the transition metals located?
Towards the middle of the table
What are the qualities of the transition metals?
Malleable and ductile; very good conductors of heat and electricity; are very dense; liquid at room temperature
Where are the metalloids located on the table?
Towards the right side in a stairwell type form
What are the qualities of the metalloids?
Are the elements in between the metals and the nonmetals; share similarities of both metals and nonmetals; most are semi conductors
Where are the nonmetals located?
On the right side but also includes hydrogen
What are the qualities of the nonmetals?
Do not conduct heat or electricity well; very fertile; Some are gases, like oxygen; some are solids, like carbon; have no luster and reflect no light
Where are the noble gases located?
The very right side column
What are the qualities of the noble gases?
Almost never react with any other element; have full outer shells; very stable; are all gases; are odorless and colorless; have low melting and boiling points
Where are the rare earth elements located?
The two columns at the bottom of the table
Allotropes
Different combinations of identical atoms.
For example 02 verses 03
Diatomic molecular oxygen versus ozone
Do you cat ions have more p+ or e-?
p+
Do anions have more p+ or e-?
e-
What are valence electrons responsible for?
All of the chemical bonding
Where the heavy metals located?
Towards the left side but not including hydrogen
What are the qualities of the heavy metals?
Shiny and soft; reactive with other elements; easily lose their outermost electrons; can be cut easily; have low density, melting point, and boiling point
Where are the transition metals located?
Towards the middle of the table
What are the qualities of the transition metals?
Malleable and ductile; very good conductors of heat and electricity; are very dense; liquid at room temperature
Where are the metalloids located on the table?
Towards the right side in a stairwell type form
What are the qualities of the metalloids?
Are the elements in between the metals and the nonmetals; share similarities of both metals and nonmetals; most are semi conductors
Where are the nonmetals located?
On the right side but also includes hydrogen
What are the qualities of the nonmetals?
Do not conduct heat or electricity well; very fertile; Some are gases, like oxygen; some are solids, like carbon; have no luster and reflect no light
Where are the noble gases located?
The very right side column
What are the qualities of the noble gases?
Almost never react with any other element; have full outer shells; very stable; are all gases; are odorless and colorless; have low melting and boiling points
Where are the rare earth elements located?
The two columns at the bottom of the table
What are the qualities of the rare earth elements?
Are referred to as the lanthanide and actinide series; are the most synthetic or man made; are part three of the periodic table; are metals
