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Atoms And Molecules Flashcards
Sodium
Na+
Potassium
K+
Silver
Ag+
Copper(I)
Cu+
Magnesium
Mg2+
calcium
Ca2+
Zinc
Zn2+
Iron(II)
Fe2+
Copper(II)
Cu2+
Aluminium
Al3+
Iron(III)
Fe3+
Hydrogen
H+
Hydried
H-
Bromide
Br-
Chloride
Cl-
Iodide
I-
Sulphied
S2-
Oxide
O2-
Nitride
N3-
Amonium
NH4 +
Hyrdroxide
OH -
Nitrate
NO3 -
Hydrogen carbonate
HCO3 -
Carbonate
CO3 2-
Sulphite
SO3 2-
Sulphate
SO4 2-
Phosphate
PO4 3-
Latin Name of Sodium
Natrium
Latin Name of Potassium
Kalium
Latin Name of Iron
Ferum
Latin Name of Copper
Cuprum
Latin Name of Silver
Argentum
Latin Name of Gold
Aurum
Latin Name of Mercury
Hydragyrum
Latin Name of Lead
Plumbum
Latin Name of Tin
Stanum
State the Law of Conservation Of Mass
The law of conservation of mass states that
mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. In Other words the total mass of reactants is equal to the total mass of products
State Law Of Constant Proportions
In a chemical substance the elements are
always present in definite proportions by
mass
How do Atoms exist
Atoms do not exist independently except for noble gases.
They exist in a combined form with atoms of the same element or with atoms of other elements.
Atoms form ions and molecules. these ions and molecules aggregate in large numbers to form the matter that we see, feel or touch.
Give the Atomicc mass for the following elements. H,O,S,N,Na,Ar,Be,Ca,Cl,Mg,C
H-1
O-16
S- 32
N-14
Na-23
Ar-40
Be-9
Ca-40
Cl-35.5
Mg-24
C-12
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms tightly held together by an attractive force. this attractive force is called a chemical bond.
A molecule can be defined as the smallest particle of an element or a compound that is capable of an independent existence and shows all the properties of the substance
Atoms of the same or different element join together to form a molecule.
Define molecule of an element
The molecule of an element is constituted by the same type of atoms.
what is monoatomic
Molecules of many elements such as argon, helium, etc are made up of only one atoms of that element. their molecules are called monoatomic.
what is diatomic.
In the molecule of hydrogen, two atoms of hydrogen exist together.it is diatomic molecule
what is triatomic
in the molecule of ozone , three atoms of cxygen exist together. It is triatomic.
Example of tertatomic
a very common example of an tereatomic molecule is phospherous
what is plolyatiomic ?
Molecules haveing more than four atoms are generally called polyatomic.
what is atomicity??
The number of atoms in one molecule of a substance is called it’s atomicity
define a molecule of a compound.
atoms of different elements join together in a definite proportion to form molecules of a compound.
example: in a molecule of water 2 atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a triatomic molecule.
what is an Ion?
the charged particles are called ions.
Ions may consist of a single charged atom or a group of atoms that have a net charge on themIons are for .
Ions are formed attating positive charge.
ions are of 2 types:
1)positively charged particles are called cation
2) negatively charged particles arealled anoin
Compound composed of mentals and non metals have charged species.
What is Valancy ?
Valencly of an element is defined as its combining capacity.
valany of a ion is defined as the units of positive and negative chagere on the ion .
valancy can be used to find out how the atoms of one element will combine with atoms of another element to form a chemical compound.
What are polyatomic ions ?
a group of atoms carrying charge is called polyatoic ion
What is a binary Compound?
The simplest compound which are made up of two different elements are called binary compounds .
what is the valancy of carbon
4
What is molecular mass?
Molecular mass is the sum of atomic mass of all the atoms in a molecule of the substance. it is expressed in atomic mass unit(U).
What is Formula unit mass?
It is the sum of atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula unit of a compound. The constituent particles are ions.
what are the postulates of daltons atomi theory ?
According to daltons atomic theory , all matter ,wether an element , compound or a mixture is composed of small particles known as atoms
1) all matter is made up of very tiny
particles called atoms, which participate
in a chemical reaction
2) atoms are indivisible, atoms can netheri
be created nor be destroyed in a
chemical reaction
3) atoms of the same elements are identical
in mass and chemical properties
4) Atoms of different elements have
different mass and chemical properties
5)Atoms combine in the ratio small whole
number to form a compound
6)The relative number and the kind of
atoms are constant in a given compound
Who is john dalton?
A british chemist named john dalton provided a basic theory on the nature of matter .
he took the philosophy of the greeks and the laws of chemical combination to create his basic theory
What is an atom?
Atoms are the buliding blocks of matter
the .atom is the most fundamental unit of matter t, making everything that we see around us . atoms do not exist independently. atoms are the smallest particle of an element which take part in a chemical reaction
What is atomic size?
Atoms are considered to be spherical,theri size is expressed in the terms of their radii,called atomic radius .
The term atomic size refers to atomic radius. It is defined as the distance between the center of the nucleus and the outermost shell of an isolated atom.
ex: atomic size of H=0.037nm
What do u mean by symbols?
Symbol is a short way of representing the full name of an element.
Dalton was the first scientist to suggest specific symbols in terms of figures for different elements known at that time.
The symbol used by him also represented the quantity of the element,that is ,one atom of the element
Explain Modern symbols
