Atoms Flashcards
Atom
The smallest unit of an element
Nucleus
The central part of an atom made of protons and neutrons, most of an atoms mass
Newtron
uncharged particle
proton
positively charged particle
Electron
Negatively charged particle
molecule
A molecule is the smallest particle in a chemical element or compound
quarksyou
any of a number of subatomic particles carrying a fractional electric charge,
Alkali metals
Alkali metals are in group 1 and are the most reactive to water
Noble gases
Noble gases are the least reactive
Cation
cations are elements with a positive charge when electrons are removed from an actual atom
Anions
anions are elements with a neg
valence shell
The valence shell is the outermost shell of an atom in its uncombined state, which contains the electrons most likely to account for the nature of any reactions involving the atom and of the bonding interactions it has with other atoms.
valence electron
In chemistry, a valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.
octet
The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electron configuration as a noble gas.
Ion
an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.