Atoms Flashcards
the difference between atomic number and
atomic mass;
Atomic mass is associated with the number of neutrons and protons that are present in a particular nucleus of an element. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
difference between families and periods;
Families are elements that have similar physical property or chemical properties; a family of elements may not always be clear from appearance alone. Families are vertical. Periods are a row of elements in the periodic table whose properties change gradually and predictably.
what determines how active an
element is; why are the noble gases “noble”?
The number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom determines its reactivity.
They have the magic number of 8 in them and they rarely react with other elements.
What is the difference between metals, metalloids and nonmetals and what are the
properties of each?
Metal - An element that has luster (the ability to reflect light), is Malleable, ductile (Ductile means metals can be drawn out into wires), and is a good conductor of heat or electricity; all metals are solids with high melting points except mercury.
Nonmetals - an element that is usually a gas or a brittle solid at room temperature and is a poor conductor of heat or electricity.
Metalloids - an element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals.
Parts of the atom and the charge of each and where they are found
Protrons, electrons and nuetrons.
Protons have a positive charge
Electrons have a negative charge
Neutrons have no charge
The nucleus (center) of the atom contains the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom are called electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged).
What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
The difference between ionic and covalent bonds is how the electrons are used. In ionic bonding, one atom donates electrons to the other. In covalent bonding, the two atoms share electrons. Covalent bonds share electrons, and ionic bonds donate electrons.
