Atoms

Question 1

Protons

Answer 1

postively charged particles in 
the nucleus (the center) of an atom. Gives 
an element its Atomic Number.

Question 2

Electrons

Answer 2

negatively charged particles

in orbit around the nucleus

Question 3

Neutrons

Answer 3

particles with no charge in the

nucleus of atoms.

Question 4

Atomic Mass

Answer 4

The sum of the number of protons and
neutrons.

Chlorine has an atomic mass of 35
because it has 17 protons and 18
neutrons. 17+18=35

Question 5

Periodic Table

Answer 5

Atomic Number:
Number of protons in an atom of an element.
Element’s Symbol: An abbreviation for the element.
Elements Name
Atomic Mass/Weight:
Number of protons + neutrons.

Question 6

Atomic Symbol

Answer 6

Represents a specific element 
• First letter is ALWAYS capitalized 
• If it has a second letter, it MUST be lower 
case 
• Example 
– Co = cobalt 
– CO = carbon and oxygen (carbon monoxide) 
– Sn = tin 
– SN = sulfur and nitrogen

Question 7

Elements

Answer 7

A substance where all the atoms are
the same and cannot be broken
down into smaller pieces and still
have the original properties.

Question 8

Hydrogen (H)

Answer 8

Hydrogen makes up 
88% of mass in 
entire universe 
 Water is mostly 
Hydrogen 
 Hydrogen alone is 
highly flammable!

Question 9

Helium (He)

Answer 9

With Hydrogen, 
makes up 99% of all 
mass in universe 
 Used to cool 
magnets in MRIs 
 Not found in ANY 
minerals

Question 10

Carbon (C)

Answer 10

Most important 
element of life 
 Diamonds and 
graphite in pencils 
are pure carbon 
 Crystal structure 
makes them different

Question 11

Nitrogen (N)

Answer 11

78% of the air we 
breathe 
 Liquid Nitrogen is 
used to freeze blood 
and genetic material 
 Used in controlled 
explosions such as 
airbags in your car.

Question 12

Oxygen (O)

Answer 12

3rd most abundant 
element in universe 
 Found in most 
minerals such as 
rubies, quartz, calcite 
 Forms Ozone (O3) 
which protects us 
from radiation from 
the sun

Question 13

Fluorine (F)

Answer 13

Is in everything from 
toothpaste to teflon 
 Teflon is used for 
cookware and the 
roof of sports arenas

Question 14

Sodium (Na)

Answer 14

Cannot exist by itself in 
nature.  Always 
combines with 
something 
 Will explode on contact 
with air/water 
 Name comes from 
Natrium which was used 
by ancient Egyptians for 
mummification

Question 15

Magnesium (Mg)

Answer 15

Important to 
chlorophyll 
 Stored in human 
bones 
 Used in WWII bombs 
because once 
ignited, Mg is 
impossible to 
extinguish

Question 16

Aluminum (Al)

Answer 16

Most abundant metal 
in Earth’s crust 
 Used in making 
many goods that we 
use today

Question 17

Silicon (Si)

Answer 17

Composes 28% of 
Earth’s crust 
 Most minerals 
contain Silicon 
 Gel used to help heal 
scarring from burns

Question 18

Phosphorus (P)

Answer 18

 VERY important to 
Tampa Bay area 
 Used to make 
fertilizers 
 Found in soft drinks 
and many foods

Question 19

Sulfur (S)

Answer 19

Smells like rotten 
eggs 
 Used to make 
sulfuric acids 
 All living things 
require sulfur to 
construct amino 
acids

Question 20

Chlorine (Cl)

Answer 20

Used to purify water 
 In gaseous state, Cl 
is toxic and burns the 
lungs 
 Used in WWII by 
Germans against 
Belgians 
 Is part of table salt 
(NaCl)

Question 21

Potassium (K)

Answer 21

 Important part of life 
 Found in many foods 
 Bananas 
 Peanuts 
 Potatoes 
 Chocolate 
 Mushrooms 
 Found in Many 
Minerals

Question 22

Calcium (Ca)

Answer 22

Important for ALL 
living things 
 Found in bones and 
stage lights 
 When burned with H, 
the result is lime.  
The phrase “in the 
limelight” comes from 
science!

Question 23

Iron (Fe)

Answer 23

Important element in 
blood 
 Comes from the 
Latin word ferrum 
 Common in Earth’s 
crust 
 Used in making steel

Question 24

Nickel (Ni)

Answer 24

 The coin, nickel, is 
made of a copper 
alloy.  Only 25% is 
actual Nickel 
 Nickel is found in 
many meteorites

Question 25

Copper (Cu)

Answer 25

 One of the first 
metals used 
 Found free in nature 
and combined in 
many minerals 
 Great conductor of 
electricity 
 Oxidizes and turns 
green

Question 26

Iodine (I)

Answer 26

 An important element 
for humans 
 Found in milk and 
seafood 
 Used to clean 
cuts..... but it 
BURNS!

Question 27

Lead (Pb)

Answer 27

 Pb is Latin for 
plumbum 
 Heavy Metal!!!!! 
 Can be toxic in high 
doses 
 Once used in 
cosmetics and 
pipework in houses

Question 28

What element smells like rotten eggs?

Answer 28

Sulfur (S)

Question 29

What element’s Atomic Symbol is (Fe)?

Answer 29

Iron

Question 30

What are the two elements in table salt?

Answer 30

Sodium and Chlorine (NaCl)

Answer 31

Nitrogen (N)

Question 32

Continent

Answer 32

A continent is one of Earth’s seven main divisions of land. The continents are, from largest to smallest: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

Question 33

Equator

Answer 33

An equator is an imaginary line around the middle of a planet or other celestial body. It is halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole, at 0 degrees latitude. An equator divides the planet into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere.

Question 34

Prime Meridian

Answer 34

The prime meridian is the line of 0° longitude, the starting point for measuring distance both east and west around Earth. The prime meridian is arbitrary, meaning it could be chosen to be anywhere.

Question 35

Cardinal Directions

Answer 35

Cardinal directions are one set of directions that people around the world use. The four cardinal directions are north, south, east and west. These directions use the rising and setting of the sun as reference points. Because the Earth rotates from west to east, the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.

Question 36

Latitude Lines

Answer 36

(or parallels) measure N or S

Question 37

Longitude Lines

Answer 37

(or meridians) measure E or W

Question 38

Climate

Answer 38

Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. A region’s weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate.

Question 39

Degree

Answer 39

a unit of latitude or longitude, divided into 60 minutes, used to define points on the earth’s surface or on the celestial sphere.

Question 40

parallel

Answer 40

parallel, imaginary line extending around the Earth parallel to the equator; it is used to indicate latitude. The 38th parallel, for example, has a latitude of 38° N or 38° S.

Question 41

Grid

Answer 41

A grid is a network of evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines used to identify locations on a map. For example, you can place a grid that divides a map into a specified number of rows and columns by choosing the reference grid type.

Question 42

Meridians

Answer 42

longitude is measured by imaginary lines that run around Earth vertically (up and down) and meet at the North and South Poles. These lines are known as meridians.

Question 43

Map Title

Answer 43

Usually large and at top

Question 44

Symbols

Answer 44

Defined in the map key. Can be shapes or colors

Question 45

Orientation

Answer 45

Cardinal directions - which way is …..?

Question 46

Scale

Answer 46

Translates into distance

Question 47

Metadata

Answer 47

When was map create? By when? For?

Question 48

intermediate directions

Answer 48

The intermediate directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW).