Atoms

Question 1

Elements

Answer 1

The simplest substances, that cannot be decomposed.

Question 2

Compunds

Answer 2

Matter of two or more elements chemically combined.

Question 3

Chemical reaction

Answer 3

Rearrangement of atoms

Question 4

Chemical change

Answer 4

Change in kind of matter = melting, dissolving

Question 5

Physical property

Answer 5

Characteristic observed withoud changing chemical identity.

𝑷𝒉𝒚𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆, 𝒃𝒐𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕

Question 6

Chemical property

Answer 6

Characteristic involving the chemical change.

𝑨𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒙𝒚𝒈𝒆𝒏

Question 7

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Answer 7

▹Atoms - invisible spheres, remaining it’s identity during the reactions
▹Matter composed of atoms

Question 8

Thomson Atomic Theory

Answer 8

“blueberry muffin” - positive and negative charges

Question 9

Bohr Atomic Theory

Answer 9

Atoms consist of:
▹Protons (+)   -in the
▹Neutrons       nucleus
▹Electrons (-) on the shells.
▹Shells: orbits around the nucleus. K, L, M, N... and can hold defined number of electrons.

Question 10

Solid ⇾ gas

Answer 10

Sublimation

Question 11

Gas ⇾ solid

Answer 11

Deposition

Question 12

Liquid ⇾ gas

Answer 12

Vaporisation

Question 13

Gas ⇾ liquid

Answer 13

Condensation (liquefaction)

Question 14

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 14

Total mass remains constant during chemical reactions.

Question 15

Law of definite proportions (multiple proportions)

Answer 15

In any chemical compound, elements are always combined in the same proportion by their respective mass.
H2O: 16g O + 2g H
When two elements form more than one compound, their different masses will combine in ration of small integers.

Question 16

Mixtures

Answer 16

A material, that can be separated in physical means.

Question 17

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 17

Two visible parts

Question 18

Homogenous mixture

Answer 18

A solution with uniform properties.

Question 19

Solution

Answer 19

Homogenous mixture of solvent (dissolving agent) and a solute (being dissolved)

Question 20

Suspension

Answer 20

Heterogeneous fluid with solid particles large enough for sedimentation.

Question 21

Colloids

Answer 21

A fluid with intermediate particles, able to be mixed and remain evenly distributed - won’t settle.
Colloidal particles range in size and form colloidal dispersion - a mixture of colloids in dispersing medium.

Question 22

Tyndal effect (how to tell suspension vs colloids)

Answer 22

A beam of light won’t be visible in a solution (like in air) but in colloid visible will be smoke or foggy air.