Atoms Flashcards
whats the smallest particles of elements?
atoms
what do atoms bind chemically to form?
molecules
what are the smallest particles of compounds?
molecules
what are the major subatomic particles?
protons
neutrons
electrons
what particle is found in the atom’s dense; central core and have a positive charge?
protons
what particle is found in the dense; central core, but has no charge ( is neutral )
neutrons
what particle is found outside the aton’s dense, central core and has a negative charge?
electrons
does an atom have the same number of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons or does it not?
they have the same number of positively charged protons ans negatively charged electrons
what are the protons and neutrons in the nucleus responsible for?
the mass of an atom
what are the electrons in the nucleus responsible for?
the volume of an atom
what is the symbol that represents ‘electron’?
e-
what is the symbol that represents ‘proton’?
p+
what is the symbol that represents ‘neutron’?
n°
what does the atomic number of an atom indicate?
the number of protons in the nucleus as well as the number of electrons
what does the mass number indicate?
the total mass of the atom, neutrons included.
give the name of group 1 in the periodic table,
an example
and a definition of that group.
the group is called the “alkai” metals.
sodium, potassium and lithium are examples.
they are reactive and their oxides dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions.
give the name of group 2 in the periodic table,
an example
and a definition of that group.
the group is called the “alkaline earth metals.
magnesium and calcium are examples.
their oxides are alkaline, but only slightly dissolve in water.
give the name of group 17 in the periodic table,
an example
and a definition of that group.
the group is called the “halogens”.
chlorine is an example.
they are reactive, poisonous and they have string rasping smells.
they react readily with alkali and alkaline earth metals.
give the name of group 18 in the periodic table,
an example
and a definition of that group.
the group is called the “noble gases”.
neon and aro are examples.
the gases do not react with any other element.
give the name of group 3 - 13 in the periodic table,
an example
and a definition of that group.
the group is called the “transition metals”.
iron, zinc, silver, gold, copper are examples.
many well-lnown elements are formed in this category / “bridge”.
what are the elements on the left of the periodic table are called?
metals
what are the elements on the right of the periodic table are called?
non-metals
which element is the “lightest”?
hydrogen
