Atomic theory and periodic trends Flashcards

1
Q

Father of the modern atomic theory.

A

John Dalton

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2
Q

Building blocks of matter

A

Atoms

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3
Q

Who discovered electrons?

A

Joseph John Thomson

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4
Q

Who discovered protons?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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5
Q

Who discovered Neutrons?

A

James Chadwick

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6
Q

Electrons are discovered through observation of the ______________.

A

cathode ray tube

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7
Q

Protons are discovered through ________________.

A

gold foil experiment

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8
Q

Weight of the nucleus

A

atomic mass

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9
Q

Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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10
Q

Unstable isotopes that tend to decay often by emitting certain type of radiation.

A

Radioactive isotopes

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11
Q

A Danish physicist that said electrons are not stationary and created the planetary model.

A

Neils Bohr

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12
Q

State where an atom has the lowest energy arrangement of electrons

A

Ground state

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13
Q

Atom that absorbs energy through heat and electricity.

A

Excited state

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14
Q

An Austrian physicist that said the behavior of electrons within an atom can be explained by treating it as matter waves.

A

Erwin Schrodinger

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15
Q

Region surrounding the nucleus where electrons are found.

A

Orbital

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16
Q

A wave function for an electron in an atom

A

atomic orbital

17
Q

specifies the energy of an electron and the size of the orbital

A

Principal quantum number

18
Q

specifies the shape of an orbital within a particular principal quantum number

A

Angular momentum quantum number

19
Q

Orientation in space

A

Magnetic quantum number

20
Q

Describes the spin of an electron

A

Spin quantum number

21
Q

The order in which electrons are placed into the orbitals is based on the order of their energy.

A

Aufbau principle

22
Q

Distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron.

A

Atomic radius

23
Q

Energy required to remove an electron from its valence shell.

A

Ionization energy

24
Q

ability to attract electrons

A

electronegativity

25
Ability to accept electrons
electron affinity
26
ability to lose electrons
metallic character
27
electrically charged atoms
ions
28
who created the nuclear model?
Ernest Rutherford
29
Who created the plum pudding model?
Joseph John Thomson
30
Symbol for atomic number
Z
31
Symbol for atomic mass
M
32
The formula used to determine the number of electrons in an energy orbital.
2n^2