Atomic theory Flashcards
proton mass
1
proton charge
+1
proton location
nucleus
neutron mass
1
neutron charge
0
neutron location
nucleus
electron mass
0
electron charge
-1
electron location
orbital
Mass of an atom
protons + neutrons
What is the nuclear charge
the # of protons in an atom
isotope
an atom with the same number of protons, but different neutrons
How do you know something is an isotope?
diffrent number of neutrons, NOT MASS
0 neutrons in hydrogen, mass of 1
protium
1 neutron in hydrogen, mass of 2
deuterium
2 neutrons in hydrogen, mass of 3
tritirum
weighted average
The relative abundance (%) of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
Ion
An atom or group of atoms (polyatomic ions) that has a positive or negative charge.
- ions
gain electrons
+ions
lost electrons
Valence electrons
Electrons in the outermost PEL (shell), max # is 8
Ground state
lowest possible energy state of an electron
Daltons atomic theory
Atoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces, atoms of the same element are identical (Both wrong)
atoms of different elements are different, chemical reactions are a rearrangement of atoms (true)
Plum Pudding model
positive and negative charges are embedded in the nucleus (wrong)
Cathode Ray Tube Experiment
Ray of negitively charged particles, repelled from the - and was attracted to the +
Rutherfords Gold Foil Experiment
- Atoms are composed of mostly empty space
- The nucleus is a dense mass with a positive charge
Bohr
Electrons go around the nucleus in orbits (Wrong)
