Atomic theory Flashcards
What are negative causes of Radiation?
Exposure to very high levels of radiation, can cause cancer, acute radiation syndrome, radiation burns, nuclear weapons, radioactive waste and contamination.
What are positive causes of radiation?
Positive causes include cancer radiation, medicine x-ray, nuclear power and used for smoke alarms.
What is a alpha particle ?
occurs when the nucleus of a atom is unbalanced and particles emitted by decay=2 protons and two neutrons. Travel and a low speed. Hight ionizing power.
What can stop Alpha radiation?
Skin or paper
What is Beta radiation?
Particles emitted by decay= 1 electron with medium speed. Ionizing medium power.
What can stop Beta radiation?
Aluminum or thin layer of clothing.
What is gamma radiation?
Particles are not emitted during decay. High traveling speed. Low Ionizing power.
What can stop Gamma radiation?
Thick led or concrete.
What are Isotopes ?
Atoms with the same number of electrons and protons, but not neutrons.
What are Ions?
Ions are formed when a atom isn’t nuteral. When a atom looses or gains a electrons, it requires a net electrical charge called ions.
What always stays the same in a unneutral atom?
Protons
How many electrons fit on each shell?
1st- 2
2nd-8
3rd-8
4th-36
What is half life?
Half life is the length of time for half of the radioactive atoms of a specific radionuclide to decay.
Whats the difference between Ions and Isotopes?
An isotope is an atom that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. They have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. An ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons.
