atomic sturcture and the periodic table

Question 1

what is an atom

Answer 1

make up all substances and are the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 2

what are compounds

Answer 2

formed from elements by chemical reactions. chemical reactions always involve the formation of one or more substances often involve an energy change

Question 3

what do compounds contain

Answer 3

two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 4

what can compounds be separated into

Answer 4

elements by chemical reactions

Question 5

what is a mixture

Answer 5

consists of two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together

Question 6

how can a mixture be separated

Answer 6

filtration crystallisation distillation fractional distillation or chromatography

Question 7

what was the discovery of the plum pudding model

Answer 7

atom ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it

Question 8

what did james chadwick discover

Answer 8

neutrons within the nucleus

Question 9

what is the atomic number

Answer 9

the number of protons in an atom of an element

Question 10

what is the proton neutron and electron relative charge

Answer 10

proton - +1
neutron - 0
electron - -1

Question 11

what is the proton neutron and electron relative mass

Answer 11

proton - 1
neutron - 1
electron - very small

Question 12

what is the mass number

Answer 12

the sum of the protons and neutrons in a atom

Question 13

what are isotopes

Answer 13

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 14

what is the relative atomic mass

Answer 14

an average value that takes account of the abundance of the isotope of the element

Question 15

what are metals

Answer 15

elements that react to form positive ions

Question 16

what are non-metals

Answer 16

elements that do not form positive ions

Question 17

where are non-metals found

Answer 17

towards the right and top of the periodic table

Question 18

where are metals found

Answer 18

majority of elements are metal
found to the left and towards the bottom

Question 19

what are group 1

Answer 19

alkali metals

Question 20

what are some characteristics of alkali metals

Answer 20

react with oxygens to create an oxide
they react with chlorine to form a white precipitate
reactivity increases when going down the group

Question 21

what are group 0 called

Answer 21

noble gases

Question 22

what are some characteristics of noble gases

Answer 22

they have 8 electrons in there outer shell (except helium 2)
all have full outer shells
the are unreactive and do not easily form molecules
the boiling point increases with increasing the relative atomic mass

Question 23

what are group 7

Answer 23

the halogens

Question 24

what are some characteristics of halogens

Answer 24

they react with metals to form an ionic compound in which the halide ion carries a -1 charge
they react with non-metals to form a covalent compound
reactivity decreases going down the group
decrease reactivity means that a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive one in a aqueous solution of its salt

Question 25

what does a non metal + metal create

Answer 25

ionic bond

Question 26

what does a non-metal + non-metal create

Answer 26

covalent bond