Atomic structures Flashcards
What is an element
A element is a atom that all have the same number of protons in their nucleus .
Define a compound
A compound is a combination of different elements into a single unit.
Example : water H2O
Carbon dioxide CO2
What is an atom?
The smallest single unit of an element
Define Proton?
It’s a tiny particle that has a positive charged particle inside the nucleus .
What is An electron ?
It’s a negative particle that revolves around the outside of the nucleus
Define a neutron?
It’s a particle of matter that has no charge
The nucleus of an atom contains 2 particles , what are they?
Protons and neutrons
The charge of the nucleus is
Positive
Why ? Because the nucleus of a atom contains protons which is a positive charge.
Most of the weight of an atom is in what part of the atom?
In the nucleus
Define Matter
Matter is a substance , it’s anything that takes up space
Eg: everything around you -people, cars. All atoms and molecules around you.
The size of an atom is determined by the orbit diameter of ?
Electrons around the nucleus
What is the number of an atom that explains how many protons are in the nucleus
It’s the Atomic Number
How do we determine the atomic mass of an atom
By the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
Ernest Rutherford discovered that the nucleus of atoms was very small or very big compared to the size of the atom ?
Very small
The early Greek model was made up of what?
Made up of indivisible particles/ units
An alpha particle is a
A. big nucleus
B. Helium nucleus
C. Small nucleus
B.Helium nucleus
What does the helium nucleus contain? 2 protons and 2 neutrons
What is a beta particle?
It’s a negatively charged particle or
A fast moving electron
The periodic table lists atoms in order of increasing numbers , what are these numbers called?
Atomic numbers
On the periodic table in what group are the alkaline groups ?
Group 2
On the periodic table where are the alkali group?
Group 1
What experiment is Ernest Rutherford well known for ?
The gold foil experiment
Ernest Rutherford performed a famous experiment by what?
He fired a beam of alpha particles through a gold film , measuring the deflection of particles
Five ways to increase the speed of a chemical reaction ?
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Pressure
- type of reactants
When the number of electrons and protons in an atom are different it is no longer an atom , what is it?
A Ion
Where are metals located on the periodic table ?
Left side
Where are non metals located on the periodic table
Right side
Where are Metalloids located on the periodic table
Between the metals and non metals
Gases are located in what group on the periodic table
Group 8 on the periodic table which is the right side
Adding ice to a chemical reaction will make the reaction slower or faster?
Slower
Burning a chemical in the prescience of oxygen is a
A. Explosive reaction
B. Powdery reaction
C. Exothermic reaction
D. Combustion reaction
Combustion reaction
Isotopes of an element are different … Why ?
Because they have different numbers of neutrons
Carbon dating can only be used on ?
Organic materials
What is a Geiger counter used for ?
It detects radiation
Three common acids are
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Citric acid
Who invented the periodic table
Dmitri Mendeleev
Neutral solutions have a PH equal to?
A.3
B.8
C.7
D.1
7
Do acidic solutions have a PH level more than 7
No , they have a PH level less than 7
Basic solutions have a PH level of more than 7?
True or false
True … Basic solutions have a PH level more than 7
When magnesium is burned in air what new chemical is formed
Magnesium oxide
When acid is added to magnesium what gas is produced
Hydrogen
Remember the test for this is called THE POP TEST
When acid is added to calcium carbonate what gas is produced
Carbon dioxide
A common base is
Sodium hydroxide
What is the scientific method used to undertake an investigation
Remember ..R A M M R D C
Research . Aim Materials Method Results Discussion Conclusion
The number of electrons and protons in an atom are
A . Always the same
B. Flammable
C. Chemicals
A .always the same
What is the scientific method used to undertake an investigation
Remember ..R A M M R D C
Research . Aim Materials Method Results Discussion Conclusion
The number of electrons and protons in an atom are
A . Always the same
B. Flammable
C. Chemicals
A .always the same
When magnesium loses two electrons from its outmost electron shell what ion and charge does it make
MG2+
When magnesium is burned in air the new chemical formed is
Magnesium oxide
When acid is added to calcium carbonate what gas is produced?
Carbon dioxide
If an equal amount of acid and base are combined a neutralised reaction occurs
True or false
True
The number of atoms in a molecule of glucose are ?
24
Radioactivity is the emission of ? And ? Particles or the emission of ? Waves from an atom
Alpha , beta particles and gamma
