Atomic Structure Vocab Quiz Flashcards
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion
Potential energy
Energy of position, spacing between particles of matter; due to attractive forces between particles of matter
Valence electron
Electrons occupying the outer energy level, and electrons in unfilled “d” orbitals
Ionization energy
Energy required to remove the most loosely held electron (valence electron)
Electronegativity
A measure of the ability of an atom in a compound to attract an electron
Coulomb’s law
The charges repel and opposite charges attract with a force proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them
Electromagnetic radiation
A form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels though space
Photon
A particle of electromagnetic radiation
Hund’s rule
One electron per orbital of equal energy before doubling up
Aufbau Principle
Electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first
Pauli’s exclusion principle
No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers
Paramagnetic
Substance that contain unpaired electrons an are attracted to a magnetic field.
Diamagnetic
Substances that have all electrons paired and are repelled by a magnetic field
Photoelectric effect
Sufficient electromagnetic radiation caused an electron to be emitted from the surface of a metal producing electric current.
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, and therefore, different atomic masses.
