atomic structure : topic 2 Flashcards
what is the name given to the small particles from which elements are made
the particles are called atoms
what is the name given to the center or ‘core’ of an atom
the center is called the nucleus
what are the three small particles that make up an atom
proton, neutron and electrons
where are protons and neutrons found within an atom
they are found in the nucleus
where are electrons found within an atom
they orbit around the nucleus
what charge does a proton have
positive charge
what charge do neutrons have
these are neutral so they have no charge
what charge to electrons have
they have a positive charge
what does the atomic number of an element mean
it is the number of protons in the element
how much electrons can be held in the first energy level of an atom
2 electrons
how much electrons can be held in both the second and third energy level of an atom
8 electrons
why is an atom neutral
because the number of protons and electrons are equal so they cancel out each other
how much protons does lithium have if its atomic number is 3
3 protons
what charge has an ion got if it gives away an electron
positive
what charge has an ion got if it if it adds an electron
negative
