Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

How do you calculate relative atomic mass (Ar)?

A

(Isotope abundance x Isotope mass number) divided by sum of abundances of all the Isotopes

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2
Q

What are compounds?

A

Substances formed from two or more elements, the atoms of each are in fixed proportions held together by chemical bonds.

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3
Q

What is an isotope?

A

A different form of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

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4
Q

Name two methods that a picture can be separated into its compounds and elements.

A

-Filtration
-Crystallisation
-Simple Distillation
-Fractional Distillation
-Chromatography

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5
Q

Why must you use a pencil during Chromatography?

A

Pencil marks are insoluble and won’t dissolve in the solvent.

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6
Q

Isotopes have the same Atomic or Mass Number?

A

Atomic number is the same, Mass number is different.

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7
Q

Define what an element is.

A

A substance only containing atoms with the same number of protons.

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8
Q

What will happen if any of the dyes in the ink are insoluble in the solvent?

A

They will stay on the baseline.

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9
Q

In Nanometres, how big is the radius of an atom?

A

0.1 Nanometres

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10
Q

What does the atomic number tell us?

A

How many protons there are.

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11
Q

Filtration is used if the product is an ….

A

Insoluble solid.

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12
Q

What shape is the filter paper folded in?

A

Cone

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13
Q

Distillation is used to separate which contain..

A

Liquids

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14
Q

Compounds are represented by …

A

Formulas

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15
Q

What does the mass number all us?

A

The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom.

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16
Q

What are the two types of distillation?

A

Simple & Fractional

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17
Q

What colour poisonous gas is Fluorine?

A

Yellow

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18
Q

State properties of the transition metals.

A

Very dense, shiny and strong

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19
Q

Name three alkali metals.

A

-Lithium
-Sodium
-Potassium
-Rubidium
-Caesium
-Francium

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20
Q

What did John Dalton describe atoms as?

A

Solid Spheres

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21
Q

Fill in the blanks. J J Thompson measured …. & …. which showed atoms were smaller than Spheres.

A

Charge & Mass

22
Q

What did the plum pudding model show?

A

The atom as a ball of positive charge with electrons stuck in it.

23
Q

How we’re Alpha particle scattering experiments conducted?

A

By firing positively charged alpha particles at an extremely thin sheet of gold.

24
Q

As you go down group1, are the melting and boiling points increasing or decreasing?

A

Decreasing

25
A metal oxide is formed when which 2 things react?
Group 1 element + oxygen
26
As you go down group 7, does reactivity increase or decrease?
Decrease
27
Fill the Gap: As you go down group 7, the halogens become ..... reactive.
Less
28
In group 1, the elements react MORE or LESS vigorously as you go down the group?
More
29
Name one way that a soluble salt from a solution.
Evaporation & Crystallisation
30
Fill the gap: Metals have a ......... melting and boiling point.
High
31
Transition metals are good .........
Catalysts
32
Which group are Alkali metals in?
Group 1
33
What was the new theory that J J Thompson created?
The plum pudding model.
34
A you go down group 7, they have HIGHER or LOWER melting and boiling points?
Higher
35
Fill in the blanks. J J Thompson measured .... & .... which showed atoms were smaller than Spheres.
Charge & Mass
36
Name a difference between a Mixture and a Compound.
There is no chemical bond between pictures w\but there is in compounds.
37
What ions do group1 have?
+1
38
Fill the Gap: As you go down group1, there is an .......... in reactivity
Increase
39
Define Malleable.
Can be bent or hammered into different shapes
40
Why should you place a lid on top of the container?
To stop the solvent from evaporating.
41
Fill the Gap: When group 1 elements react with water, they produce ......... gas
Hydrogen
42
What are group 7 elements known as?
The halogens
43
How did Dmitiri Mendeleev order elements in his version of the periodic table?
Order of atomic weight
44
The halogens form 1- ions called...
Halides
45
What colour poisonous gas is Chlorine?
Dense Green
46
What colour poisonous gas is Bromine?
Red-brown
47
Who conducted the Alpha particle scattering experiments?
Ernest Rutherford.
48
What colour poisonous gas is Iodine?
Purple
49
Group 1 metals react vigorously when heated in chlorine gas to form...
White metal chloride salts
50
Group 0 elements are known as?
Noble Gases
51
As you go down group 0, boiling points increase. True or False?
True