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Chemistry - Mum & Tom > Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table > Flashcards

Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

What element is represented by W ?

A

Tungsten

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2
Q

What element is represented by Na?

A

Sodium

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3
Q

What element is represented by Si?

A

Silicon

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4
Q

What element is represented by Co?

A

Colbalt

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5
Q

What element is represented by Fe?

A

Iron

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6
Q

What group is Oxygen in ?

A

Group 7

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7
Q

What group is Argon in ?

A

Group 8

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8
Q

What group is Potassium in ?

A

Group 1

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9
Q

What group is sulphur in ?

A

Group 6

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10
Q

What group is chlorine in ?

A

Group 7

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11
Q

What period is phosphorus in ?

A

Period 3

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12
Q

What period is nitrogen in ?

A

Period 2

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13
Q

What period is gallium in ?

A

Period 4

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14
Q

What period is calcium in ?

A

Period 4

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15
Q

What period is gallium in ?

A
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16
Q

What period is carbon in ?

A

Period 2

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17
Q

What is a compound ?

A

A compound is two or more elements that are chemically bonded

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18
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture is a two or more elements that are individually distinct

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19
Q

Give 3 ways of separating out mixtures ?

A

Filtration , distillation evaporation

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20
Q

What did Chadwick discover ?

A

Chadwick proved the existence of neutrons

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21
Q

What experiment did Rutherford do ?

A

He did the gold foil experiment which was about alpha beta particles etc

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22
Q

What type of foil did Rutherford use ?

A

Gold foil

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23
Q

What did Rutherford fire at the Atom ?

A

Alpha particles

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24
Q

What model of the atom was Rutherford testing

A

The nuclear model

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25
Q

What did Rutherford discover ?

A

He discovered alpha and beta rays and proposed the laws of radioactive decay

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26
Q

What was the new model of the atom called ?

A

Nuclear atom

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27
Q

Where are electrons ?

A

On the outer shell outside the nucleus

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28
Q

Where are protons ?

A

Protons are located within the nucleus

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29
Q

Where are neutrons ?

A

Within the nucleus

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30
Q

What charge do protons have ?

A

Positive

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31
Q

What charge do neutrons have ?

A

Neutral

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32
Q

What charge do electrons have ?

A

Negative

33
Q

What mass do protons have ?

A

1

34
Q

What mass do electrons have ?

A

Less than 1

35
Q

What mass do neutrons have ?

A

1

36
Q

What does the atomic number tell us ?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

37
Q

What does the mass number tell us ?

A

The total number of protons and neutrons an atom contains

38
Q

How do you find the number of protons in an atom?

A

Equal to the atomic number of an element

39
Q

How do you find the number of electrons in an atom ?

A

Equal to the number of protons

40
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom ?

A

Subtract the atomic number by the mass number of the atom

41
Q

How do you find the number of protons in an ion ?

A

The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element

42
Q

How do you find the number of electrons in an ion ?

A

For a positively charged ion it is the atomic number minus the charge
For a negatively charged ion it is the atomic number added to the charge

43
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons in an ion ?

A

By subtracting the atomic number by the atomic mass

44
Q

How many electrons fit on the first shell ?

A

2 on the first shell

45
Q

How many electrons fit on the second shell ?

A

8

46
Q

How many electrons fit on the third shell ?

A

18

47
Q

What element has the electronic structure 2,8,1 ?

A

Sodium

48
Q

What element has the electronic structure 2,3 ?

A

Fluorine

49
Q

What element has the electronic structure 2,8 5 ?

A

Phosphorus

50
Q

What element has the electronic structure 2 ?

A

Helium

51
Q

What element has the electronic structure 2, 8, 8, 1 ?

A

Potassium

52
Q

What type of ions do metals form positive or negative?

A

Positive

53
Q

What type of ions do non-metals form positive or negative?

A

Negative

54
Q

What bonding occurs between two metals ?

A

Metallic bonds

55
Q

What bonding occurs between and metal and a non metal ?

A

Ionic bonds

56
Q

What happens to the electrons in covalent bonding?

A

They are retracted by the two atomic nuclei

57
Q

What happens to the electrons in ionic bonding ?

A

The electrons get donated to another atom

58
Q

How did Mendeleev organise his periodic table ?

A

Increasing atomic weight

59
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table ?

A

To leave space for elements not known at the time

60
Q

On which side left/right of the periodic table are metals found ?

A

Left side

61
Q

On which side of the periodic table are non metals found ?

A

Right

62
Q

What is another name for group 1 ?

A

Alkaline metals

63
Q

How reactive are group 1 elements?

A

Very reactive

64
Q

How does reactivity change as you go down group 1 ?

A

Reactivity increases because the atoms get larger

65
Q

How does sodium react with water ?

A

It reacts vigorously with water to produce sodium hydroxide

66
Q

How does sodium react oxygen?

A

It reacts to form two compounds sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

67
Q

How does sodium react with chlorine ?

A

It forms sodium chloride sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains that electron

68
Q

What is another name for group 0/8 !

A

Noble gases

69
Q

How reactive are group 0 elements?

A

Very unreactive

70
Q

How does boiling point change as you go down group 0 ?

A

Increases going down the group

71
Q

What is another name for group 7?

A

Halogens

72
Q

How reactive are group 7 elements?

A

Fairly reactive they get Less reactive as you go down the group

73
Q

How does boiling point change as you go down group 7 ?

A

Decrease

74
Q

How does reactivity change as you go down group 7 ?

A

It gets less reactive

75
Q

What are the properties of transition metals ?

A

They are good conductors of heat
They have high densities and high melting points

76
Q

Give a use for transition metals ?

A

Titanium used for Aircraft and hip replacement surgeries
Iron is used for construction

77
Q

What colour does iron (II) go ?

A

Green

78
Q

What colour does iron (III) go ?

A

Yellow

79
Q

What colour does copper (II) go ?

A

Bright green

Chemistry - Mum & Tom (2 decks)

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