Atomic structure/Isotopes Flashcards
What is the mass number?
At the top
Number of protons and neutrons in nucleus
What is the atomic number?
Bottom number
Number of protons in nucleus (equal to number of electrons)
Relative mass of
Proton
Electron
Neutron
1
1/2000
1
Which particles can be called nuclides/ nucleons?
Protons and neutrons
Definition of isotopes
Different forms of the same element that that contain equal numbers of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus. They differ in relative atomic mass but have the same chemical properties.
Definition of relative isotopic mass
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon 12
Definition of relative atomic mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon 12
How do you work out relative molecular mass?
Add relative masses of the constituent element
(C2H6 = (12X2)+(1X6) = 30
How do you work out % abundance by using peak heights?
Peak height/total height of all peak X100
Why do isotopes still have the same chemical properties?
They only have a different number of neutrons, they still have the same number of electrons and that is what determines chemical properties.
What is the basic principle of mass spectrometry?
Detects isotopes based on mass
What data is obtained from mass spectrometry?
Abundance and mass of each isotope
What does the number of peaks tell us in mass spectrometry?
How many isotopes there are
What does the mass of each peak tell us in mass spectrometry?
The mass number (amount of protons and neutrons)
What does the height of each peak tell us in mass spectrometry?
The percentage of the isotope compared to the whole thing
The abundance of the isotope
